Published severityHigh→Operational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Evidence used
No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
EPSS is 0.13% for the current model date.
Compensating controls
Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
Confirm that the asset runs PCRE PCRE2 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Distribution package intelligence
Release-specific package status
Alpine, Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
6 package states
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
Distribution release
Source package
Vendor state
Fixed version
Evidence
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · main
pcre2
Vendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
SLES 15 SP1 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2
SLES 15 SP2 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2
SLES 15 SP3 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2
SLES 15 SP4 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2
SLES 15 SP5 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2
SLES 15 SP1 CHOST Images for Google
SLES 15 SP2 CHOST Images for Google
SLES 15 SP3 CHOST Images for Google
SLES 15 SP4 CHOST Images for Google
SLES 15 SP5 CHOST Images for Google
SLES 15 SP1 CHOST Images for Microsoft Azure
SLES 15 SP2 CHOST Images for Microsoft Azure
Summary
In PCRE2 before 10.48, pcre2_jit_match mishandles a previously copied subject being passed in as a context. An incorrect free operation can occur.
Remediation
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
CVE-2026-89161 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitypcre2: PCRE2: Memory corruption vulnerability in pcre2_jit_match
121 known affected
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
bootc.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-backup as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-client-utils as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-embedded as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-embedded-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-errmsg as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-gssapi-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-oqgraph-engine as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
mariadb-pam as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
Summary
A flaw was found in PCRE2, a library for processing regular expressions. The `pcre2_jit_match` function, which handles just-in-time (JIT) compilation for regular expressions, incorrectly manages memory when processing certain inputs. This memory corruption vulnerability could allow a local attacker to cause the application to crash, leading to a denial of service, or potentially execute unauthorized code.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://images.redhat.com/
Optional official sources
National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.
Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.
Official European source
ENISA European Vulnerability Database
Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.
1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier
EUVD-2026-75946
No EUVD known-exploited evidence
In PCRE2 before 10.48, pcre2_jit_match mishandles a previously copied subject being passed in as a context. An incorrect free operation can occur.
EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
7.4 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Patch available
01
What, why and how
In PCRE2 before 10.48, pcre2_jit_match mishandles a previously copied subject being passed in as a context. An incorrect free operation can occur.
What
In PCRE2 before 10.48, pcre2_jit_match mishandles a previously copied subject being passed in as a context. An incorrect free operation can occur.
Why
The product calls free() on a pointer to memory that was not allocated using associated heap allocation functions such as malloc(), calloc(), or realloc().
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
In PCRE2 before 10.48, pcre2_jit_match mishandles a previously copied subject being passed in as a context. An incorrect free operation can occur.
Why
The product calls free() on a pointer to memory that was not allocated using associated heap allocation functions such as malloc(), calloc(), or realloc().
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No confirmed evidence
No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.None recorded
No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
Likely attack path
local access → Free of Memory not on the Heap → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness ?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-590: Free of Memory not on the Heap. The product calls free() on a pointer to memory that was not allocated using associated heap allocation functions such as malloc(), calloc(), or realloc().
CVSS vector ?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
UnauthenticatedCWE-590
A
Official authority intelligence
Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-75946Official EUVD mapping
In PCRE2 before 10.48, pcre2_jit_match mishandles a previously copied subject being passed in as a context. An incorrect free operation can occur.
Official EUVD record ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-3334PCRE2 (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions): Mehrere Schwachstellen
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in PCRE2 (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) ausnutzen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen, Speicher zu beschädigen, Informationen offenzulegen oder Denial-of-Service-Zustände herbeizuführen.
Official advisory ↗Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20260916Security Bulletin 16 Sep 2026
The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 16 Sep 2026, published on 16 September 2026. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
Status ?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
Official vendor articles1 stored document
Linked articles are downloaded and versioned as source evidence. A CVE mention or approved update relationship does not, by itself, verify a fix for every product branch.
Release PCRE2 10.48 · PCRE2Project/pcre2 · GitHub →Original publisher ↗Searchable text snapshot · Captured 26 Sep 2026PCRE2Project
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Evidence and provenance
Published 11 Sept 2026 · Last source change 11 Sept 2026, 19:59 UTC · CWE-590 · Free of Memory not on the Heap
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source ?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-11
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-75946
Product sourceVendor CSAF · SUSE Product Security Team
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · SUSE Product Security Team
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enrichment underway
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
libpcre2-16-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-32-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-8-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-posix2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; pcre2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; pcre2-devel as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-16-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4; libpcre2-32-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4; libpcre2-8-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4; libpcre2-posix2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4; pcre2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4; pcre2-devel as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4; libpcre2-16-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-32-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-8-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-posix2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; pcre2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; pcre2-devel as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-16-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5; libpcre2-32-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5; libpcre2-8-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5; libpcre2-posix2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5; pcre2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5; pcre2-devel as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5; libpcre2-8-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3; pcre2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3; libpcre2-8-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4; pcre2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4; libpcre2-8-0 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5; pcre2 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5; and 52 more · Fixed: libpcre2-16-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS; libpcre2-32-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS; libpcre2-posix2-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS; pcre2-devel-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS; libpcre2-16-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-32-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-posix2-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; pcre2-devel-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-16-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS; libpcre2-32-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS; libpcre2-posix2-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS; pcre2-devel-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS; libpcre2-16-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-32-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-posix2-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; pcre2-devel-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5; libpcre2-16-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-32-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-8-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-posix2-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS; pcre2-devel-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS; libpcre2-16-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-TERADATA; libpcre2-32-0-10.39-150400.4.12.1 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-TERADATA; and 49 more
After
SLES 15 SP1 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2; SLES 15 SP2 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2; SLES 15 SP3 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2; SLES 15 SP4 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2; SLES 15 SP5 CHOST Images for Amazon EC2; SLES 15 SP1 CHOST Images for Google; SLES 15 SP2 CHOST Images for Google; SLES 15 SP3 CHOST Images for Google; SLES 15 SP4 CHOST Images for Google; SLES 15 SP5 CHOST Images for Google; SLES 15 SP1 CHOST Images for Microsoft Azure; SLES 15 SP2 CHOST Images for Microsoft Azure; SLES 15 SP3 CHOST Images for Microsoft Azure; SLES 15 SP4 CHOST Images for Microsoft Azure; SLES 15 SP5 CHOST Images for Microsoft Azure
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
PCRE2: < 10.48 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
After
PCRE2: < 10.48 · Fixed: For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://images.redhat.com/
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
bootc.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-backup as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-client-utils as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-embedded as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-embedded-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-errmsg as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-gssapi-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-oqgraph-engine as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-pam as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-server-galera as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-server-utils as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-test as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb10.11.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-backup as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-client-utils as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-embedded as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-embedded-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-errmsg as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-gssapi-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-oqgraph-engine as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-pam as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-server-galera as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; and 92 more
After
bootc.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-backup as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-client-utils as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-embedded as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-embedded-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-errmsg as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-gssapi-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-oqgraph-engine as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-pam as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-server-galera as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-server-utils as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb-test as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb10.11.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-backup as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-client-utils as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-embedded as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-embedded-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-errmsg as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-gssapi-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-oqgraph-engine as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-pam as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; mariadb11.8-server-galera as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; and 91 more · Fixed: pcre2-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-devel-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-devel-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-static-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-static-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-syntax-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@noarch@public-hummingbird-aarch64-rpms as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-syntax-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@noarch@public-hummingbird-x86_64-rpms as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-tools-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-tools-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-utf16-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-utf16-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-utf32-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; pcre2-utf32-0:10.48-0.1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
PCRE2: < 10.48 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
After
PCRE2: < 10.48 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.