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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-86105High confidence

Fireware OS Improper Authorization in Access Portal Reverse Proxy

WatchGuard · Fireware OS

5.3MediumCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.31% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs WatchGuard Fireware OS and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-89492

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

An improper authorization vulnerability in Fireware OS's Access Portal reverse proxy allows an authenticated, low-privileged Access Portal user to access other web applications they are not authorized for by sending a specially crafted request for a different resource which they are authorized to access.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
5.3 · CVSS 4.0
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

An improper authorization vulnerability in Fireware OS's Access Portal reverse proxy allows an authenticated, low-privileged Access Portal user to access other web applications they are not authorized for by sending a specially crafted request for a different resource which they are authorized to access.

What

An improper authorization vulnerability in Fireware OS's Access Portal reverse proxy allows an authenticated, low-privileged Access Portal user to access other web applications they are not authorized for by sending a specially crafted request for a different resource which they are authorized to access.

Why

The product does not properly handle when an input contains Unicode encoding.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

An improper authorization vulnerability in Fireware OS's Access Portal reverse proxy allows an authenticated, low-privileged Access Portal user to access other web applications they are not authorized for by sending a specially crafted request for a different resource which they are authorized to access.

Why

The product does not properly handle when an input contains Unicode encoding.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-176 ↗

CWE-176: Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding. The product does not properly handle when an input contains Unicode encoding.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATPresentAttack requirements: A particular deployment or execution condition must be present.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VILowVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.VANoneVulnerable-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkCWE-176
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-89492Official EUVD mapping

An improper authorization vulnerability in Fireware OS's Access Portal reverse proxy allows an authenticated, low-privileged Access Portal user to access other web applications they are not authorized for by sending a specially crafted request for a different resource which they are authorized to access.

Official EUVD record ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-3646WatchGuard Fireware OS: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in WatchGuard Fireware OS ausnutzen, um beliebigen Code auszuführen – einschließlich Code mit Root-Rechten –, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, vertrauliche Daten offenzulegen oder zu manipulieren und Denial-of-Service-Zustände zu verursachen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20261007Security Bulletin 7 Oct 2026

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 7 Oct 2026, published on 7 October 2026. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-036715ウォッチガード・テクノロジーのWatchGuard Firewareにおける複数の脆弱性

Fireware OSのAccess Portalリバースプロキシにおける不適切な認可の脆弱性により、認証済みで権限の低いAccess Portalユーザーが、アクセス権のある別のリソースに対して特別に細工されたリクエストを送信すると、本来アクセス権のない他のウェブアプリケーションにアクセスできてしまいます。

Official advisory ↗
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2026-0404Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in WatchGuard Fireware OS

An improper authorization vulnerability in Fireware OS's Access Portal reverse proxy enables authenticated low-privileged users to access unauthorized web applications by crafting specific requests for accessible resources.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fireware OS: 2025.0 < 2026.2.3, 2026.3 < 2026.3.2, 12.0 < 12.12.3, 12.0 < 12.5.21
Fixed
Fireware OS 2026.3.2, Fireware OS 2026.2.3, Fireware OS 12.12.3, Fireware OS 12.5.21
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 29 Sept 2026 · Last source change 30 Sept 2026, 15:28 UTC · CWE-176 · Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-30
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-89492
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added patch: psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-86105.
    Before
    remediation: psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-86105
    After
    patch: psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-86105 · remediation: psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-86105
    psirt.watchguard.com ↗
  2. BlackTree coverageBlackTree article coverage changed from no BlackTree article to 1 BlackTree article.
    Before
    no BlackTree article
    After
    1 BlackTree article
    BlackTree editorial ↗
  3. ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2026-89492 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.
    Before
    not recorded
    After
    {"euvdId":"EUVD-2026-89492"}
    ENISA EUVD ↗
  4. Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-89492↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-86105 · cve.blacktree.nl