Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
- EPSS is 0.52% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-83619High confidence
xmldom: End-tag Whitespace-Trim Regex ReDoS — quadratic backtracking in the 0.8.x end-tag parser
xmldom · xmldom
Official source article: GitHub GHSA-X4FP-J954-R2F4 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.
8.7HighCVSS 4.0
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix
Fix availability varies by productHigh technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 1 structured product or package state remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs xmldom xmldom and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Remediation availability differs by product scope
Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 1 structured product or package state remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
- Debian Security Tracker: 1 affected package state with no published fix
Distribution package intelligence
5 package statesRelease-specific package status
Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
Package result overrides the generic status
BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 1 affected package state shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
| Distribution release | Source package | Vendor state | Fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian trixietrixie · source | node-xmldom | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 0.9.5-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026 |
| Debian bookwormbookworm · source | node-xmldom | Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open. | Not published in this feed | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026 |
| Debian forkyforky · source | node-xmldom | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 0.9.5-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026 |
| Debian sidsid · source | node-xmldom | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 0.9.5-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | node-xmldom | Under evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
Open-source package ranges1 source-attributed range
These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.
| Ecosystem and package | Affected range | First fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| npm@xmldom/xmldom | >= 0.7.0, <= 0.8.14 | 0.8.15 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Sep 2026 |
Direct vendor intelligence
1 currentAuthoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
CVE-2026-83619 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Security@xmldom/xmldom: xmldom: Denial of Service via crafted XML input
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop
- grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-azure-monitor as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-cloudwatch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-elasticsearch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-graphite as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-influxdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-loki as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-mssql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-mysql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-opentsdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-postgres as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- Summary
- A flaw was found in xmldom, a JavaScript module used for processing XML documents. A remote attacker could exploit a vulnerability in the XML parser by submitting a specially crafted XML input. This could lead to a Denial of Service (DoS), causing the affected system to become unresponsive by stalling the Node.js event loop. The vulnerability stems from a regular expression that processes end-tags inefficiently, consuming excessive resources.
- Remediation
- For more about Red Hat Developer Hub, see References links
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 1 structured product or package state remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
Fix availability varies by product01
What, why and how
xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) DOMParser and XMLSerializer module. From 0.7.0 until 0.8.15, the release-0.8.x parser in lib/sax.js trims captured end-tag names with the unanchored global expression /[ \t\n\r]+$/g. For an end tag containing a long whitespace run followed by a non-whitespace character, the expression retries from each possible starting position and backtracks quadratically before failing its end anchor. DOMParser.parseFromString() reaches the path under default options, allowing a small unauthenticated XML input to stall the Node.js event loop; the 0.9.x and unscoped npm lines do not contain this expression. This issue is fixed in @xmldom/xmldom version 0.8.15.
What
xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) DOMParser and XMLSerializer module. From 0.7.0 until 0.8.15, the release-0.8.x parser in lib/sax.js trims captured end-tag names with the unanchored global expression /[ \t\n\r]+$/g. For an end tag containing a long whitespace run followed by a non-whitespace character, the expression retries from each possible starting position and backtracks quadratically before failing its end anchor. DOMParser.parseFromString() reaches the path under default options, allowing a small unauthenticated XML input to stall the Node.js event loop; the 0.9.x and unscoped npm lines do not contain this expression. This issue is fixed in @xmldom/xmldom version 0.8.15.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) DOMParser and XMLSerializer module. From 0.7.0 until 0.8.15, the release-0.8.x parser in lib/sax.js trims captured end-tag names with the unanchored global expression /[ \t\n\r]+$/g. For an end tag containing a long whitespace run followed by a non-whitespace character, the expression retries from each possible starting position and backtracks quadratically before failing its end anchor. DOMParser.parseFromString() reaches the path under default options, allowing a small unauthenticated XML input to stall the Node.js event loop; the 0.9.x and unscoped npm lines do not contain this expression. This issue is fixed in @xmldom/xmldom version 0.8.15.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- a network path → Uncontrolled Resource Consumption → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Network
- Privileges required
- None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-400 ↗
CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption. The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:NCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCNoneVulnerable-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VINoneVulnerable-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Fix availability varies by product
- Affected
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop
- grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-azure-monitor as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-cloudwatch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-elasticsearch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-graphite as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-influxdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-loki as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-mssql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-mysql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-opentsdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-postgres as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-prometheus as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana-stackdriver as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- xmldom as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7
- rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
- Action
- Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 1 Sept 2026 · Last source change 1 Sept 2026, 18:05 UTC · CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-02
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-69248
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-azure-monitor as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-cloudwatch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-elasticsearch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-graphite as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-influxdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-loki as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mssql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mysql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-opentsdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-postgres as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-prometheus as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-stackdriver as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; xmldom as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7; rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) · Fixed: registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:ea53db6012b6fe1c80760624caddb0d3b674614b62cb3c359ed3fde270314eb2_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9
- After
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-azure-monitor as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-cloudwatch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-elasticsearch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-graphite as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-influxdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-loki as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mssql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mysql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-opentsdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-postgres as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-prometheus as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-stackdriver as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; xmldom as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7; rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) · Fixed: registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:ea53db6012b6fe1c80760624caddb0d3b674614b62cb3c359ed3fde270314eb2_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- >= 0.7.0, < 0.8.15 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- After
- >= 0.7.0, < 0.8.15 · Fixed: For more about Red Hat Developer Hub, see References links
- Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed from remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-83619 to remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-83619.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-83619
- After
- remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-83619
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- Awaiting fix
- After
- Patch available
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop; rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-azure-monitor as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-cloudwatch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-elasticsearch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-graphite as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-influxdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-loki as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mssql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mysql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-opentsdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-postgres as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-prometheus as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-stackdriver as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; xmldom as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7; rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
- After
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-azure-monitor as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-cloudwatch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-elasticsearch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-graphite as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-influxdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-loki as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mssql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mysql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-opentsdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-postgres as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-prometheus as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-stackdriver as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; xmldom as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7; rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) · Fixed: registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:ea53db6012b6fe1c80760624caddb0d3b674614b62cb3c359ed3fde270314eb2_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop; rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; xmldom as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7; rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
- After
- rh-podman-desktop.git as a component of Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop; rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-azure-monitor as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-cloudwatch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-elasticsearch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-graphite as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-influxdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-loki as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mssql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-mysql as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-opentsdb as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-postgres as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-prometheus as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana-stackdriver as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; grafana as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana-selinux as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; grafana.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; xmldom as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7; rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
- ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2026-69248 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.ENISA EUVD ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- {"euvdId":"EUVD-2026-69248"}
- Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.CNA ↗
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.