Match regex runs on over-length input in Ash.Type.String, enabling regex denial of service

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in ash-project ash allows an attacker to force an expensive regular expression to run on input that a length constraint should have already rejected. Ash.Type.String.apply_constraints/2 (lib/ash/type/string.ex) evaluated the :match regex regardless of the min_length and max_length constraints on the same attribute. Because the length check did not gate the regex, an over-length value that the length constraint rejects still had the pattern applied to it, so the length limit that would otherwise bound the work never constrained the regex input. Against a backtracking pattern this yields catastrophic regex evaluation on attacker-sized input, and even a linear pattern runs on arbitrarily large input, consuming CPU per request. The fix skips the :match regex whenever a length constraint is violated, making the two checks order-independent. This issue affects ash: from 0.10.0 before 3.32.2.

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.