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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-77420High confidence

JLine: ReDoS via `HISTORY_IGNORE` Configuration Variable

jline · jline3

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-5Q95-HRPC-M3W3 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

5.5MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.12% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs jline jline3 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

15 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcejlineNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian trixietrixie · sourcejline2Not affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian trixietrixie · sourcejline3Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcejlineNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcejline2Not affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcejline3Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcejlineNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcejline2Not affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcejline3Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcejlineNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcejline2Not affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcejline3Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivejlineUnder evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivejline2Under evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivejline3Under evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 8 Oct 2026
Open-source package ranges4 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
Mavenorg.jline:jline-readerECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.3.14.3.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 23 Sep 2026
Mavenorg.jline:jline-readerECOSYSTEM: introduced 3.0.0; fixed 3.30.153.30.15OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 23 Sep 2026
mavenorg.jline:jline-reader>= 4.0.0, < 4.3.14.3.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 23 Sep 2026
mavenorg.jline:jline-reader>= 3.0.0, < 3.30.153.30.15GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 23 Sep 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

2 current
CVE-2026-77420 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 2 · interimSUSE Product Security TeamCVE-2026-77420
67 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • jline3 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-builtins as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-console as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-console-ui as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-curses as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-jansi as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-jansi-core as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-javadoc as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-native as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-parent as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-reader as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-remote-telnet as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
Summary
JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, DefaultHistory.matchPatterns(String patterns, String line) in reader/src/main/java/org/jline/reader/impl/history/DefaultHistory.java converts the HISTORY_IGNORE configuration value into a Java regular expression while escaping only part of its syntax, allowing other regex metacharacters to reach the backtracking engine. An attacker who can control application or user configuration can supply a nested-quantifier expression that is reevaluated whenever a command is added to history, consuming excessive CPU and indefinitely blocking the reader thread. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.
Remediation
No remediation text is recorded.
CVE-2026-77420 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securityorg.jline/jline-reader: JLine: Denial of Service vulnerability in history configuration processing
12 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • jline-reader as a component of Red Hat AMQ Broker 7
  • jline-reader as a component of Red Hat Fuse 7
  • rhoai/odh-spark-operator-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-th-torch-cpu-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-th-torch-cuda-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-th06-cpu-torch210-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-th06-cpu-torch291-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-th06-cuda130-torch210-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-th06-cuda130-torch291-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-th06-rocm64-torch291-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • opendaylight as a component of Red Hat OpenStack Platform 13 (Queens)
  • opendaylight.src as a component of Red Hat OpenStack Platform 13 (Queens)
Summary
A flaw was found in JLine, a Java library for handling console input. An attacker who can control application or user configuration can supply a specially crafted regular expression to the `HISTORY_IGNORE` configuration variable. This malicious input can cause excessive CPU consumption when commands are added to history, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS) by indefinitely blocking the reader thread.
Remediation
If application configuration allows user-supplied values to flow into HISTORY_IGNORE, validate or sanitize those values to reject regular expression metacharacters (e.g., nested quantifiers such as (a+)+) before they reach JLine's history processing.
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-85528

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, DefaultHistory.matchPatterns(String patterns, String line) in reader/src/main/java/org/jline/reader/impl/history/DefaultHistory.java converts the HISTORY_IGNORE configuration value into a Java regular expression while escaping only part of its syntax, allowing other regex metacharacters to reach the backtracking engine. An attacker who can control application or user configuration can supply a nested-quantifier expression that is reevaluated whenever a command is added to history, consuming excessive CPU and indefinitely blocking the reader thread. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
5.5 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, DefaultHistory.matchPatterns(String patterns, String line) in reader/src/main/java/org/jline/reader/impl/history/DefaultHistory.java converts the HISTORY_IGNORE configuration value into a Java regular expression while escaping only part of its syntax, allowing other regex metacharacters to reach the backtracking engine. An attacker who can control application or user configuration can supply a nested-quantifier expression that is reevaluated whenever a command is added to history, consuming excessive CPU and indefinitely blocking the reader thread. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.

What

JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, DefaultHistory.matchPatterns(String patterns, String line) in reader/src/main/java/org/jline/reader/impl/history/DefaultHistory.java converts the HISTORY_IGNORE configuration value into a Java regular expression while escaping only part of its syntax, allowing other regex metacharacters to reach the backtracking engine. An attacker who can control application or user configuration can supply a nested-quantifier expression that is reevaluated whenever a command is added to history, consuming excessive CPU and indefinitely blocking the reader thread. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.

Why

The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, DefaultHistory.matchPatterns(String patterns, String line) in reader/src/main/java/org/jline/reader/impl/history/DefaultHistory.java converts the HISTORY_IGNORE configuration value into a Java regular expression while escaping only part of its syntax, allowing other regex metacharacters to reach the backtracking engine. An attacker who can control application or user configuration can supply a nested-quantifier expression that is reevaluated whenever a command is added to history, consuming excessive CPU and indefinitely blocking the reader thread. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.

Why

The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

CISA Vulnrichment records proof-of-concept exploitation in its SSVC data. BlackTree has not independently executed or validated exploit material.

Likely attack path
local access → Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-1333 ↗

CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity. The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
CWE-1333Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-85528Official EUVD mapping

JLine is a Java library for handling console input. From 3.0.0 until 3.30.15 and 4.3.1, DefaultHistory.matchPatterns(String patterns, String line) in reader/src/main/java/org/jline/reader/impl/history/DefaultHistory.java converts the HISTORY_IGNORE configuration value into a Java regular expression while escaping only part of its syntax, allowing other regex metacharacters to reach the backtracking engine. An attacker who can control application or user configuration can supply a nested-quantifier expression that is reevaluated whenever a command is added to history, consuming excessive CPU and indefinitely blocking the reader thread. This issue is fixed in versions 3.30.15 and 4.3.1.

Official EUVD record ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
  • jline3 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-builtins as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-console as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-console-ui as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-curses as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-jansi as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-jansi-core as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-javadoc as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-native as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-parent as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-reader as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-remote-telnet as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-style as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-terminal as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-terminal-jansi as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-terminal-jna as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3-terminal-jni as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
  • jline3 as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-builtins as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-console as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-console-ui as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-curses as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-jansi as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-jansi-core as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-javadoc as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-native as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-reader as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-remote-telnet as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-style as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • jline3-terminal as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1
  • and 37 more
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 23 Sept 2026 · Last source change 29 Sept 2026, 02:05 UTC · CWE-1333 · Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-24
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-85528
Product sourceVendor CSAF · SUSE Product Security Team
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD awaiting enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Public exploit evidencePublic exploit evidence changed from No public exploit to Public exploit reference.
    Before
    No public exploit
    After
    Public exploit reference
    CVE.org ↗
  2. ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2026-85528 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.
    Before
    not recorded
    After
    {"euvdId":"EUVD-2026-85528"}
    ENISA EUVD ↗
  3. Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-85528↗Vendor CSAF · SUSE Product Security Team↗CISA Vulnrichment SSVC evidence↗CVE authority or vendor reference · GitHub GHSA-5Q95-HRPC-M3W3↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-77420 · cve.blacktree.nl