BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-72772High confidence

n8n before 2.32.1 Authentication Bypass via Token Exchange

n8n-io · n8n

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-8342-988Q-86CR ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

8.9HighCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.45% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs n8n-io n8n and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-56098

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

n8n before 2.32.1 (and before 2.31.5) is vulnerable to account takeover via the Token Exchange Embed Login feature. When a validly-signed incoming token was matched to a local account by its email claim, the service did not verify that the email claim was verified, nor that the trusted key's permitted role ceiling covered that account. As a result, anyone able to obtain a token accepted by a configured trusted key (for example, a trusted issuer emitting unverified email addresses) could authenticate as any existing user and gain full account control. This issue only affects instances where the embed login feature is enabled and at least one trusted key source is configured.

What

n8n before 2.32.1 (and before 2.31.5) is vulnerable to account takeover via the Token Exchange Embed Login feature. When a validly-signed incoming token was matched to a local account by its email claim, the service did not verify that the email claim was verified, nor that the trusted key's permitted role ceiling covered that account. As a result, anyone able to obtain a token accepted by a configured trusted key (for example, a trusted issuer emitting unverified email addresses) could authenticate as any existing user and gain full account control. This issue only affects instances where the embed login feature is enabled and at least one trusted key source is configured.

Why

The product contains a mechanism for users to recover or change their passwords without knowing the original password, but the mechanism is weak.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may bypass an access boundary or take over an account.

What

n8n before 2.32.1 (and before 2.31.5) is vulnerable to account takeover via the Token Exchange Embed Login feature. When a validly-signed incoming token was matched to a local account by its email claim, the service did not verify that the email claim was verified, nor that the trusted key's permitted role ceiling covered that account. As a result, anyone able to obtain a token accepted by a configured trusted key (for example, a trusted issuer emitting unverified email addresses) could authenticate as any existing user and gain full account control. This issue only affects instances where the embed login feature is enabled and at least one trusted key source is configured.

Why

The product contains a mechanism for users to recover or change their passwords without knowing the original password, but the mechanism is weak.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may bypass an access boundary or take over an account.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password → bypass an access boundary or take over an account
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-640 ↗

CWE-640: Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password. The product contains a mechanism for users to recover or change their passwords without knowing the original password, but the mechanism is weak.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATPresentAttack requirements: A particular deployment or execution condition must be present.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VIHighVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCHighSubsequent-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SIHighSubsequent-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SALowSubsequent-system availability: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
NetworkCWE-640
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-2489n8n: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in n8n ausnutzen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, um Informationen offenzulegen, um Dateien zu manipulieren, um einen SQL-Injection Angriff durchzuführen, und um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen.

Official advisory ↗
CSIRT Italia · Italian · rilevate-vulnerabilita-in-n8n-4Rilevate vulnerabilità in n8n

Il team di sviluppo n8n-io ha rilevato diverse nuove vulnerabilità con gravità “alta”, che interessano la piattaforma open source per l’automazione dei workflow n8n.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
n8n: < 2.32.1, < 2.31.5
Fixed
n8n: 2.32.1, 2.31.5
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
A mitigation or workaround reference is available from the source linked below; validate it against the affected product and version.
Official vendor articles1 stored document

Linked articles are downloaded and versioned as source evidence. A CVE mention or approved update relationship does not, by itself, verify a fix for every product branch.

04

Evidence and provenance

Published 11 Aug 2026 · Last source change 11 Aug 2026, 14:57 UTC · CWE-640 · Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-56098
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added mitigation: github.com/GHSA-8342-988q-86cr.
    Before
    remediation: github.com/GHSA-8342-988q-86cr
    After
    mitigation: github.com/GHSA-8342-988q-86cr · remediation: github.com/GHSA-8342-988q-86cr
    disclosure@vulncheck.com ↗
  2. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    < 2.32.1; < 2.31.5 · Fixed: 2.32.1; 2.31.5
    After
    n8n: < 2.32.1, < 2.31.5 · Fixed: n8n: 2.32.1, 2.31.5
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-56098↗CVE authority or vendor reference · GitHub GHSA-8342-988Q-86CR↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-72772 · cve.blacktree.nl