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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-72183High confidence

landlock: Fix LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL bypass on the SIGIO path

Linux · Linux

8.4HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
Distribution package intelligence

Ubuntu vendor package status

Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.

13 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Ubuntu releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-aws-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-fde-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-nvidia-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gcp-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oem-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oracle-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspi-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-riscvAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 9 Sept 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2026-72183 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitykernel: landlock: Fix LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL bypass on the SIGIO path
108 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • bpftool as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug-modules as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug-modules-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • kernel-64k-debug-modules-internal as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
Summary
A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's Landlock security module. A sandboxed process can bypass the intended signal isolation provided by LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL. By manipulating file descriptors with specific `fcntl` calls and asynchronous I/O (SIGIO) delivery, a local attacker can send signals, such as a kill signal, to processes outside its Landlock domain. This could lead to a denial of service or unauthorized process termination of critical system processes.
Remediation
Affected
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-58941

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: landlock: Fix LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL bypass on the SIGIO path LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL must prevent a sandboxed process from signaling processes outside its Landlock domain. It can be bypassed through the asynchronous SIGIO delivery path. A sandboxed process that owns any file or socket can arm it with fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, -pgid), fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, SIGKILL) and O_ASYNC, so that an I/O event makes the kernel deliver the chosen signal to the whole process group. As the head of its process group's task list (the default position right after fork()) that group can also hold the non-sandboxed process that launched it, e.g. a supervisor or a security monitor. The sandbox can thus kill or signal the processes LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL is meant to protect from it. The scope is enforced in hook_file_send_sigiotask() against the Landlock domain recorded at F_SETOWN time, not the live domain of the sender. control_current_fowner() decides whether to record that domain and skips recording it when the fowner target is in the caller's thread group, which is safe only for a single-task target (PIDTYPE_PID, PIDTYPE_TGID). For a process group (PIDTYPE_PGID) pid_task() returns only one member; recording is skipped whenever that member shares the caller's thread group, and hook_file_send_sigiotask() then lets the signal fan out to the whole group unchecked. Record the domain for every non single-process target so the scope is enforced against each group member at delivery time. That recording is necessary but not sufficient on its own: the kernel signals a process group through its members' thread-group leaders, and the leader of the registrant's own process can carry a different Landlock domain than the sibling thread that armed the owner. domain_is_scoped() would then deny that leader, even though commit 18eb75f3af40 ("landlock: Always allow signals between threads of the same process") requires same-process delivery to be allowed. hook_task_kill() avoids this by evaluating same_thread_group() live, per recipient; the SIGIO path instead delegates the whole decision to a single registration-time check, which a process-group fan-out cannot honor. So also record the registrant's thread group next to its domain and exempt it at delivery: hook_file_send_sigiotask() allows the signal whenever the recipient belongs to the registrant's own process, restoring the same-process guarantee while keeping out-of-domain group members blocked. The direct kill() path (hook_task_kill) already evaluates the live domain and is unaffected. [mic: Check pid_type earlier and improve comment, fix commit message, fix comment formatting]

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: landlock: Fix LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL bypass on the SIGIO path LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL must prevent a sandboxed process from signaling processes outside its Landlock domain. It can be bypassed through the asynchronous SIGIO delivery path. A sandboxed process that owns any file or socket can arm it with fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, -pgid), fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, SIGKILL) and O_ASYNC, so that an I/O event makes the kernel deliver the chosen signal to the whole process group. As the head of its process group's task list (the default position right after fork()) that group can also hold the non-sandboxed process that launched it, e.g. a supervisor or a security monitor. The sandbox can thus kill or signal the processes LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL is meant to protect from it. The scope is enforced in hook_file_send_sigiotask() against the Landlock domain recorded at F_SETOWN time, not the live domain of the sender. control_current_fowner() decides whether to record that domain and skips recording it when the fowner target is in the caller's thread group, which is safe only for a single-task target (PIDTYPE_PID, PIDTYPE_TGID). For a process group (PIDTYPE_PGID) pid_task() returns only one member; recording is skipped whenever that member shares the caller's thread group, and hook_file_send_sigiotask() then lets the signal fan out to the whole group unchecked. Record the domain for every non single-process target so the scope is enforced against each group member at delivery time. That recording is necessary but not sufficient on its own: the kernel signals a process group through its members' thread-group leaders, and the leader of the registrant's own process can carry a different Landlock domain than the sibling thread that armed the owner. domain_is_scoped() would then deny that leader, even though commit 18eb75f3af40 ("landlock: Always allow signals between threads of the same process") requires same-process delivery to be allowed. hook_task_kill() avoids this by evaluating same_thread_group() live, per recipient; the SIGIO path instead delegates the whole decision to a single registration-time check, which a process-group fan-out cannot honor. So also record the registrant's thread group next to its domain and exempt it at delivery: hook_file_send_sigiotask() allows the signal whenever the recipient belongs to the registrant's own process, restoring the same-process guarantee while keeping out-of-domain group members blocked. The direct kill() path (hook_task_kill) already evaluates the live domain and is unaffected. [mic: Check pid_type earlier and improve comment, fix commit message, fix comment formatting]

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: landlock: Fix LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL bypass on the SIGIO path LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL must prevent a sandboxed process from signaling processes outside its Landlock domain. It can be bypassed through the asynchronous SIGIO delivery path. A sandboxed process that owns any file or socket can arm it with fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, -pgid), fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, SIGKILL) and O_ASYNC, so that an I/O event makes the kernel deliver the chosen signal to the whole process group. As the head of its process group's task list (the default position right after fork()) that group can also hold the non-sandboxed process that launched it, e.g. a supervisor or a security monitor. The sandbox can thus kill or signal the processes LANDLOCK_SCOPE_SIGNAL is meant to protect from it. The scope is enforced in hook_file_send_sigiotask() against the Landlock domain recorded at F_SETOWN time, not the live domain of the sender. control_current_fowner() decides whether to record that domain and skips recording it when the fowner target is in the caller's thread group, which is safe only for a single-task target (PIDTYPE_PID, PIDTYPE_TGID). For a process group (PIDTYPE_PGID) pid_task() returns only one member; recording is skipped whenever that member shares the caller's thread group, and hook_file_send_sigiotask() then lets the signal fan out to the whole group unchecked. Record the domain for every non single-process target so the scope is enforced against each group member at delivery time. That recording is necessary but not sufficient on its own: the kernel signals a process group through its members' thread-group leaders, and the leader of the registrant's own process can carry a different Landlock domain than the sibling thread that armed the owner. domain_is_scoped() would then deny that leader, even though commit 18eb75f3af40 ("landlock: Always allow signals between threads of the same process") requires same-process delivery to be allowed. hook_task_kill() avoids this by evaluating same_thread_group() live, per recipient; the SIGIO path instead delegates the whole decision to a single registration-time check, which a process-group fan-out cannot honor. So also record the registrant's thread group next to its domain and exempt it at delivery: hook_file_send_sigiotask() allows the signal whenever the recipient belongs to the registrant's own process, restoring the same-process guarantee while keeping out-of-domain group members blocked. The direct kill() path (hook_task_kill) already evaluates the live domain and is unaffected. [mic: Check pid_type earlier and improve comment, fix commit message, fix comment formatting]

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → vulnerable operation → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration.
CWE not yet assigned
CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2026-2852Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Linux Kernel ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service herbeizuführen oder einen nicht näher spezifizierten Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-1069Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Debian LTS

d?id=CVE-2026-72124 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72125 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72125 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72130 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72130 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72137 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72137 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72142 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72142 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72146 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72146 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72147 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72147 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72168 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72168 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72175 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72175 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72183 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72183 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72213 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72213 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72244 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72244 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72253 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72253 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72254 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72254 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72260 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72260 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72299 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72299 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72305 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72305 Référence CVE CVE-2026-72372 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
bpftool as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-modules as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-modules-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-modules-internal as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-debug-modules-partner as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-devel-matched as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-modules as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-modules-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-modules-extra as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-modules-internal as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-64k-modules-partner as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-abi-stablelists as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-cross-headers as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-debug as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-debug-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-debug-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-debug-devel-matched as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-debug-modules as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-debug-modules-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; kernel-debug-modules-extra as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; and 78 more
Fixed
< 6.15; 6.12.101 ≤ 6.12.*; 6.18.40 ≤ 6.18.*; 7.1.5 ≤ 7.1.*; 7.2 ≤ *
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 15 Aug 2026 · Last source change 17 Aug 2026, 05:41 UTC · CWE not yet assigned

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-23
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-58941
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceUnavailable
NVD statusNVD received

Missing structured fields: CWE classification. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    332facfa80751b80006c2f95b13c6d208ab0aee1 < 7a92e9fd1d496a610b40e0c4253fd54e7496f5ab; 18eb75f3af40be1f0fc2025d4ff821711222a2fd < 1f18aac2637220b5847d073447498e81ddca10b2; 18eb75f3af40be1f0fc2025d4ff821711222a2fd < 04916f7dc6d37cd478b06c86398c34a6963ac8c9; 18eb75f3af40be1f0fc2025d4ff821711222a2fd < 4b80320ca7ed03d6e683f95b6066565dc97b9f92; 6861348d863c0eaa4af67492d640a9644a829c59; 0906a9685d7057aea982e970da3e1cf3e5aca68b; 6.12.24 < 6.12.101; 6.13.12 < 6.14 · Fixed: < 6.15; 6.12.101 ≤ 6.12.*; 6.18.40 ≤ 6.18.*; 7.1.5 ≤ 7.1.*; 7.2-rc1 ≤ *
    After
    332facfa80751b80006c2f95b13c6d208ab0aee1 < 7a92e9fd1d496a610b40e0c4253fd54e7496f5ab; 18eb75f3af40be1f0fc2025d4ff821711222a2fd < 1f18aac2637220b5847d073447498e81ddca10b2; 18eb75f3af40be1f0fc2025d4ff821711222a2fd < 04916f7dc6d37cd478b06c86398c34a6963ac8c9; 18eb75f3af40be1f0fc2025d4ff821711222a2fd < 4b80320ca7ed03d6e683f95b6066565dc97b9f92; 6861348d863c0eaa4af67492d640a9644a829c59; 0906a9685d7057aea982e970da3e1cf3e5aca68b; 6.12.24 < 6.12.101; 6.13.12 < 6.14 · Fixed: < 6.15; 6.12.101 ≤ 6.12.*; 6.18.40 ≤ 6.18.*; 7.1.5 ≤ 7.1.*; 7.2 ≤ *
    CNA
  2. SeveritySeverity changed from Unknown to High.
    Before
    Unknown
    After
    High
    CNA
  3. CVSS scoreCVSS score changed from not recorded to 8.4 (CVSS 3.1 · CNA · CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H).
    Before
    not recorded
    After
    8.4 (CVSS 3.1 · CNA · CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H)
    CNA
  4. Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.
    CNA
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-72183 · cve.blacktree.nl