Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- EPSS is 0.19% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-52491High confidence
An issue in libtiff 85f2ac8e0b01cb7db2bbecf4a3b891bdbef67938 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the libtiff/tools/thumbnail.c: main() component
Unknown · Unknown
8.4HighCVSS 3.1
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix
Fix availability varies by productHigh technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Unknown Unknown and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Remediation availability differs by product scope
Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
- Debian Security Tracker: 2 affected package states with no published fix
Distribution package intelligence
4 package statesRelease-specific package status
Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
Package result overrides the generic status
BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 2 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
| Distribution release | Source package | Vendor state | Fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian trixietrixie · source | tiff | Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open. | Not published in this feed | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian bookwormbookworm · source | tiff | Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open. | Not published in this feed | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian forkyforky · source | tiff | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 4.7.2-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian sidsid · source | tiff | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 4.7.2-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
Direct vendor intelligence
1 currentAuthoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
CVE-2026-52491 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitylibtiff: libtiff: Arbitrary code execution via thumbnail.c: main() component
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- Summary
- A flaw was found in libtiff. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by processing a specially crafted file, leading to arbitrary code execution. This issue occurs within the `thumbnail.c: main()` component. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to take control of the affected system.
- Remediation
- For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://images.redhat.com/
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
Fix availability varies by product01
What, why and how
An issue in libtiff 85f2ac8e0b01cb7db2bbecf4a3b891bdbef67938 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the libtiff/tools/thumbnail.c: main() component
What
An issue in libtiff 85f2ac8e0b01cb7db2bbecf4a3b891bdbef67938 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the libtiff/tools/thumbnail.c: main() component
Why
The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.
What
An issue in libtiff 85f2ac8e0b01cb7db2bbecf4a3b891bdbef67938 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the libtiff/tools/thumbnail.c: main() component
Why
The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- local access → Integer Overflow or Wraparound → execute code or commands in the affected security context
- Attack surface
- Local
- Privileges required
- None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-190 ↗
CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound. The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Fix availability varies by product
- Affected
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- Fixed
- Action
- Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 25 Aug 2026 · Last source change 31 Aug 2026, 15:57 UTC · CWE-190 · Integer Overflow or Wraparound
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCISA ADP
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-26
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-66177
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD awaiting enrichment
Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; mingw-libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 · Fixed: libtiff-main@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
- After
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 · Fixed: libtiff-0:4.7.2-2.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-0:4.7.2-2.hum1@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-0:4.7.2-2.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- n/a: n/a · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- After
- n/a: n/a · Fixed: For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://images.redhat.com/
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- Awaiting fix
- After
- Patch available
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; compat-libtiff3 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; compat-libtiff3.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; compat-libtiff3 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; compat-libtiff3.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw-libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · Fixed: libtiff-main@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
- After
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; mingw-libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 · Fixed: libtiff-main@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
- SeveritySeverity changed from Unknown to High.CISA ADP ↗
- Before
- Unknown
- After
- High
- CVSS scoreCVSS score changed from not recorded to 8.4 (CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP · CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).CISA ADP ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- 8.4 (CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP · CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
- Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed from remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-52491 to remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-52491.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-52491
- After
- remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-52491
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- Awaiting fix
- After
- Patch available
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; compat-libtiff3 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; compat-libtiff3.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; compat-libtiff3 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; compat-libtiff3.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw-libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; and 1 more
- After
- libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; compat-libtiff3 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; compat-libtiff3.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; compat-libtiff3 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; compat-libtiff3.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw-libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw32-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; mingw64-libtiff-static as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libtiff as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff-tools as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; libtiff.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · Fixed: libtiff-main@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; libtiff-main@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
- ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2026-66177 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.ENISA EUVD ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- {"euvdId":"EUVD-2026-66177"}
- Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.CNA ↗
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.CNA ↗
- Before
- n/a · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- After
- n/a: n/a · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.