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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-48978High confidence

oras-go: Malicious registry can hijack Bearer token realm to exfiltrate credentials and refresh tokens

oras-project · oras-go

2.1LowCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Scheduled

Low technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
Distribution package intelligence

Ubuntu vendor package status

Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.

1 package state
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Ubuntu releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivegolang-oras-oras-goUnder evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-45295

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Low technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

oras-go is a Go library for managing OCI artifacts. Prior to 2.6.1, auth.Client follows the realm URL from a registry's WWW-Authenticate: Bearer challenge without validating the scheme or host, allowing a malicious or compromised registry to cause SSRF to internal networks such as http://169.254.169.254/, http://10.0.0.x/, and http://127.0.0.1/, or to downgrade a registry contacted over https:// to an http:// token endpoint in registry/remote/auth/client.go through Client.Do(), Client.fetchBearerToken(), fetchDistributionToken, and fetchOAuth2Token. This issue is fixed in version 2.6.1.

What

oras-go is a Go library for managing OCI artifacts. Prior to 2.6.1, auth.Client follows the realm URL from a registry's WWW-Authenticate: Bearer challenge without validating the scheme or host, allowing a malicious or compromised registry to cause SSRF to internal networks such as http://169.254.169.254/, http://10.0.0.x/, and http://127.0.0.1/, or to downgrade a registry contacted over https:// to an http:// token endpoint in registry/remote/auth/client.go through Client.Do(), Client.fetchBearerToken(), fetchDistributionToken, and fetchOAuth2Token. This issue is fixed in version 2.6.1.

Why

The server follows an attacker-influenced destination, allowing requests to systems or services the attacker cannot reach directly.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation when the stated preconditions are met. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

oras-go is a Go library for managing OCI artifacts. Prior to 2.6.1, auth.Client follows the realm URL from a registry's WWW-Authenticate: Bearer challenge without validating the scheme or host, allowing a malicious or compromised registry to cause SSRF to internal networks such as http://169.254.169.254/, http://10.0.0.x/, and http://127.0.0.1/, or to downgrade a registry contacted over https:// to an http:// token endpoint in registry/remote/auth/client.go through Client.Do(), Client.fetchBearerToken(), fetchDistributionToken, and fetchOAuth2Token. This issue is fixed in version 2.6.1.

Why

The server follows an attacker-influenced destination, allowing requests to systems or services the attacker cannot reach directly.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation when the stated preconditions are met. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
Active interaction required
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-918

CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UIActiveUser interaction: A user must take a deliberate action for exploitation to succeed.VCLowVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.VINoneVulnerable-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VANoneVulnerable-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-918
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-1165Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ord?id=CVE-2026-47884 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47885 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47885 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47887 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47887 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47889 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47889 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47890 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47890 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47891 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47891 Référence CVE CVE-2026-4800 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4800 Référence CVE CVE-2026-48043 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48043 Référence CVE CVE-2026-48589 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48589 Référence CVE CVE-2026-48978 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48978 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49268 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49268 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49458 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49458 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49459 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49459 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49844 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49844 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49978 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49978 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50010 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-50010 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50020 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-50020 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50151 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0986Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47057 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47058 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47058 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47059 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47059 Référence CVE CVE-2026-47063 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47063 Référence CVE CVE-2026-4890 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4890 Référence CVE CVE-2026-4891 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4891 Référence CVE CVE-2026-4892 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4892 Référence CVE CVE-2026-4893 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4893 Référence CVE CVE-2026-48962 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48962 Référence CVE CVE-2026-48978 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48978 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49268 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49268 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49432 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49432 Référence CVE CVE-2026-49434 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49434 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50151 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-50151 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50162 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-50162 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50163 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-50163 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50645 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-50645 Référence CVE CVE-2026-50734 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
oras-go: < 2.6.1
Fixed
2.6.1.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 17 Jul 2026 · Last source change 21 Jul 2026, 02:06 UTC · CWE-918 · Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-45295
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-48978 · cve.blacktree.nl