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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-47135High confidence

vm2: Sandbox escape via unblocked cross-realm Symbol.for keys + missing bridge write-trap symbol checks

patriksimek · vm2

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-M5Q2-4FM3-VFQP ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

8.7HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 0.44% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs patriksimek vm2 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Open-source package ranges1 source-attributed range

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
npmvm2<= 3.11.33.11.4GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 12 Jun 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2026-47135 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securityvm2: vm2: Sandbox escape allows arbitrary code execution on the host system
3 fixed

The vendor explicitly identifies these products or versions as containing the fix.

  • registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform/automation-portal@sha256:a85a548cb563a32be76c6e7e015fd57d340e068e321bf34b060d9eb901c33c4d_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.1
  • registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:61883f5228095e3a3fd5b7daf60e29a5ffd053844f8661a2b5282a77c086dc02_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10
  • registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:044d2d72c21329826c144d9b55c381576a421188139de0fed693e74997665d2c_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9
Summary
A flaw was found in vm2, an open-source virtual machine (VM) sandbox for Node.js. An attacker within the sandbox could exploit incomplete symbol interception and missing security checks to gain control over the host system. This could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox environment, leading to a complete compromise of the host.
Remediation
For more about Ansible plugins for Red Hat Developer Hub, see References links
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-36442

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, Symbol.for override in setup-sandbox.js only intercepts 2 of 9 dangerous Node.js cross-realm symbols. Combined with the bridge's set/defineProperty/deleteProperty traps having no isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol key check, sandbox code can obtain real cross-realm symbols, write them to host objects, and control host-side behavior — verified with a full util.promisify hijack chain. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

What

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, Symbol.for override in setup-sandbox.js only intercepts 2 of 9 dangerous Node.js cross-realm symbols. Combined with the bridge's set/defineProperty/deleteProperty traps having no isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol key check, sandbox code can obtain real cross-realm symbols, write them to host objects, and control host-side behavior — verified with a full util.promisify hijack chain. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Why

The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, Symbol.for override in setup-sandbox.js only intercepts 2 of 9 dangerous Node.js cross-realm symbols. Combined with the bridge's set/defineProperty/deleteProperty traps having no isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol key check, sandbox code can obtain real cross-realm symbols, write them to host objects, and control host-side behavior — verified with a full util.promisify hijack chain. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Why

The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Protection Mechanism Failure → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-693 ↗

CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure. The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-693
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-1583vm2: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in vm2 ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, Daten zu manipulieren und vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
vm2: < 3.11.4
Fixed
Action
For more about Ansible plugins for Red Hat Developer Hub, see References links
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 12 Jun 2026 · Last source change 13 Jun 2026, 03:55 UTC · CWE-693 · Protection Mechanism Failure

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-36442
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    < 3.11.4 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    < 3.11.4 · Fixed: For more about Ansible plugins for Red Hat Developer Hub, see References links
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  2. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  3. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed from remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-47135 to remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-47135.
    Before
    remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-47135
    After
    remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-47135
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  4. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    Fixed: registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:61883f5228095e3a3fd5b7daf60e29a5ffd053844f8661a2b5282a77c086dc02_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10; registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:044d2d72c21329826c144d9b55c381576a421188139de0fed693e74997665d2c_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9; registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform/automation-portal@sha256:a85a548cb563a32be76c6e7e015fd57d340e068e321bf34b060d9eb901c33c4d_amd64 as a component of Self-service automation portal 2.1
    After
    Fixed: registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform/automation-portal@sha256:a85a548cb563a32be76c6e7e015fd57d340e068e321bf34b060d9eb901c33c4d_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.1; registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:61883f5228095e3a3fd5b7daf60e29a5ffd053844f8661a2b5282a77c086dc02_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10; registry.redhat.io/rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9@sha256:044d2d72c21329826c144d9b55c381576a421188139de0fed693e74997665d2c_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-36442↗Red Hat Product Security security advisory↗CVE authority or vendor reference · GitHub GHSA-M5Q2-4FM3-VFQP↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-47135 · cve.blacktree.nl