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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-45894High confidence

iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down PASID entry

Linux · Linux

7.8HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
Distribution package intelligence

Ubuntu vendor package status

Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.

20 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Ubuntu releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinuxAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-awsAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azureAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-fdeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-nvidiaAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gcpAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gkeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gkeopAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-ibmAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-lowlatencyAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidiaAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-lowlatencyAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-tegraAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oem-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oracleAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspiAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspi-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-riscvAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-xilinxAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-32360

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down PASID entry The Intel VT-d Scalable Mode PASID table entry consists of 512 bits (64 bytes). When tearing down an entry, the current implementation zeros the entire 64-byte structure immediately using multiple 64-bit writes. Since the IOMMU hardware may fetch these 64 bytes using multiple internal transactions (e.g., four 128-bit bursts), updating or zeroing the entire entry while it is active (P=1) risks a "torn" read. If a hardware fetch occurs simultaneously with the CPU zeroing the entry, the hardware could observe an inconsistent state, leading to unpredictable behavior or spurious faults. Follow the "Guidance to Software for Invalidations" in the VT-d spec (Section 6.5.3.3) by implementing the recommended ownership handshake: 1. Clear only the 'Present' (P) bit of the PASID entry. 2. Use a dma_wmb() to ensure the cleared bit is visible to hardware before proceeding. 3. Execute the required invalidation sequence (PASID cache, IOTLB, and Device-TLB flush) to ensure the hardware has released all cached references. 4. Only after the flushes are complete, zero out the remaining fields of the PASID entry. Also, add a dma_wmb() in pasid_set_present() to ensure that all other fields of the PASID entry are visible to the hardware before the Present bit is set.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down PASID entry The Intel VT-d Scalable Mode PASID table entry consists of 512 bits (64 bytes). When tearing down an entry, the current implementation zeros the entire 64-byte structure immediately using multiple 64-bit writes. Since the IOMMU hardware may fetch these 64 bytes using multiple internal transactions (e.g., four 128-bit bursts), updating or zeroing the entire entry while it is active (P=1) risks a "torn" read. If a hardware fetch occurs simultaneously with the CPU zeroing the entry, the hardware could observe an inconsistent state, leading to unpredictable behavior or spurious faults. Follow the "Guidance to Software for Invalidations" in the VT-d spec (Section 6.5.3.3) by implementing the recommended ownership handshake: 1. Clear only the 'Present' (P) bit of the PASID entry. 2. Use a dma_wmb() to ensure the cleared bit is visible to hardware before proceeding. 3. Execute the required invalidation sequence (PASID cache, IOTLB, and Device-TLB flush) to ensure the hardware has released all cached references. 4. Only after the flushes are complete, zero out the remaining fields of the PASID entry. Also, add a dma_wmb() in pasid_set_present() to ensure that all other fields of the PASID entry are visible to the hardware before the Present bit is set.

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down PASID entry The Intel VT-d Scalable Mode PASID table entry consists of 512 bits (64 bytes). When tearing down an entry, the current implementation zeros the entire 64-byte structure immediately using multiple 64-bit writes. Since the IOMMU hardware may fetch these 64 bytes using multiple internal transactions (e.g., four 128-bit bursts), updating or zeroing the entire entry while it is active (P=1) risks a "torn" read. If a hardware fetch occurs simultaneously with the CPU zeroing the entry, the hardware could observe an inconsistent state, leading to unpredictable behavior or spurious faults. Follow the "Guidance to Software for Invalidations" in the VT-d spec (Section 6.5.3.3) by implementing the recommended ownership handshake: 1. Clear only the 'Present' (P) bit of the PASID entry. 2. Use a dma_wmb() to ensure the cleared bit is visible to hardware before proceeding. 3. Execute the required invalidation sequence (PASID cache, IOTLB, and Device-TLB flush) to ensure the hardware has released all cached references. 4. Only after the flushes are complete, zero out the remaining fields of the PASID entry. Also, add a dma_wmb() in pasid_set_present() to ensure that all other fields of the PASID entry are visible to the hardware before the Present bit is set.

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → vulnerable operation → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration.
CWE not yet assigned
CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-1700Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen im Linux Kernel ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen oder andere nicht näher spezifizierte Auswirkungen zu erzielen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0956Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2026-45848 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45857 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45857 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45858 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45858 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45861 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45862 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45870 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45884 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45884 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45888 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45888 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45891 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45891 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45894 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45894 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45899 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45899 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45901 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45901 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45912 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45912 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45920 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45920 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45922 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45922 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45933 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45933 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45940 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45940 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45948 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0927Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2026-45877 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45879 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45879 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45880 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45880 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45881 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45881 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45883 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45883 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45884 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45884 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45885 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45885 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45888 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45888 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45891 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45891 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45894 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45894 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45899 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45899 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45901 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45901 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45902 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45902 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45911 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45911 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45912 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45912 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45914 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45914 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45916 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45916 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45919 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0864Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2026-45846 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45848 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45848 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45852 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45852 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45856 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45856 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45862 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45870 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45878 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45878 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45886 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45886 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45891 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45891 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45894 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45894 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45910 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45910 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45912 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45912 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45932 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45932 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45940 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45940 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45948 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45948 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45961 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45961 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45964 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45964 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45965 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0833Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2026-45842 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45843 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45843 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45846 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45846 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45852 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45852 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45856 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45856 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45862 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45870 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45878 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45878 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45886 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45886 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45894 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45894 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45910 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45910 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45932 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45932 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45940 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45940 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45961 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45961 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45964 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45964 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45965 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45965 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45970 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45970 Référence CVE CVE-2026-45974 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Linux: 0bbeb01a4fafbf8422e5c8882d461d6ac4f71e15 < a84d30e8d2bacd21782a6481158b7c9c552f4868, 0bbeb01a4fafbf8422e5c8882d461d6ac4f71e15 < 821807c167b7b48a41b95b6607c6b9f97600f7d9, 0bbeb01a4fafbf8422e5c8882d461d6ac4f71e15 < 949d71666e9dd19f21e7b4b53a88cd2c5b902858, 0bbeb01a4fafbf8422e5c8882d461d6ac4f71e15 < 75ed00055c059dedc47b5daaaa2f8a7a019138ff, 5.0
Fixed
Linux: < 5.0, 6.12.75 ≤ 6.12.*, 6.18.14 ≤ 6.18.*, 6.19.4 ≤ 6.19.*, 7.0 ≤ *
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 27 May 2026 · Last source change 5 Aug 2026, 12:28 UTC · CWE not yet assigned

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-32360
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceUnavailable
NVD statusNVD enriched

Missing structured fields: CWE classification. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-45894 · cve.blacktree.nl