Samba: samba: remote code execution in printing subsystem via unescaped job description
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
9.0CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 72 hours
Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
Patch available
Distribution package intelligence
Ubuntu vendor package status
Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.
1 package state
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
Ubuntu release
Source package
Vendor state
Fixed version
Evidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive
samba
Vendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
1 current
CVE-2026-4480 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitysamba: Samba: Remote Code Execution in printing subsystem via unescaped job description
30 known affected
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
libsmbclient as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libsmbclient-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-client as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-doc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-domainjoin-gui as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-glusterfs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-swat as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-winbind as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-winbind-clients as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
samba-winbind-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Summary
A flaw was found in the Samba printing subsystem. Samba passes the client-controlled job description string to the command configured with the "print command" setting via the "%J" substitution character without escaping shell meta characters. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted print job description that contains unescaped shell characters. This could lead to remote code execution on the affected system.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Optional official sources
National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.
Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.
Official European source
ENISA European Vulnerability Database
Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.
1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier
EUVD-2026-31828
No EUVD known-exploited evidence
A flaw was found in the Samba printing subsystem. Samba passes the client-controlled job description string to the command configured with the "print command" setting via the "%J"
substitution character without escaping shell meta characters. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted print job description that contains unescaped shell characters. This could lead to remote code execution on the affected system.
EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
9.0 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 72 hours
Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
Patch available
01
What, why and how
A flaw was found in the Samba printing subsystem. Samba passes the client-controlled job description string to the command configured with the "print command" setting via the "%J"
substitution character without escaping shell meta characters. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted print job description that contains unescaped shell characters. This could lead to remote code execution on the affected system.
What
A flaw was found in the Samba printing subsystem. Samba passes the client-controlled job description string to the command configured with the "print command" setting via the "%J"
substitution character without escaping shell meta characters. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted print job description that contains unescaped shell characters. This could lead to remote code execution on the affected system.
Why
Untrusted input is incorporated into an operating-system command without safe parameter handling.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.
What
A flaw was found in the Samba printing subsystem. Samba passes the client-controlled job description string to the command configured with the "print command" setting via the "%J"
substitution character without escaping shell meta characters. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted print job description that contains unescaped shell characters. This could lead to remote code execution on the affected system.
Why
Untrusted input is incorporated into an operating-system command without safe parameter handling.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No confirmed evidence
No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.None recorded
No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') → execute code or commands in the affected security context
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness ?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'). The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVSS vector ?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
NetworkUnauthenticatedRemote code executionCWE-78
A
Official authority intelligence
Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-31828Official EUVD mapping
A flaw was found in the Samba printing subsystem. Samba passes the client-controlled job description string to the command configured with the "print command" setting via the "%J"
substitution character without escaping shell meta characters. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted print job description that contains unescaped shell characters. This could lead to remote code execution on the affected system.
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Samba ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, um Dateien zu manipulieren, und um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0986Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0651Multiples vulnérabilités dans Samba
De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans Samba. Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance, un déni de service à distance et une atteinte à l'intégrité des données.
Official advisory ↗JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-017807レッドハット等の複数ベンダの製品におけるOS コマンドインジェクションの脆弱性
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
Status ?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 26 May 2026 · Last source change 24 Aug 2026, 12:07 UTC · CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source ?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-31828
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
See the vendor and CVE records for the affected range. · Fixed: 0:4.23.5-109.el10_2 < *; 0:4.21.3-114.el10_0.1 < *; 0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1 < *; 0:4.19.4-16.el8_10 < *; 0:4.13.3-12.el8_4.1 < *
After
See the vendor and CVE records for the affected range. · Fixed: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10: 0:4.23.5-109.el10_2 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support: 0:4.21.3-114.el10_0.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support: 0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8: 0:4.19.4-16.el8_10 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support: 0:4.13.3-12.el8_4.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On: 0:4.13.3-12.el8_4.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support: 0:4.15.5-16.el8_6.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On: 0:4.15.5-16.el8_6.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service: 0:4.17.5-7.el8_8.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions: 0:4.17.5-7.el8_8.1 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9: 0:4.23.5-10.el9_8 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions: 0:4.17.5-105.el9_2.5 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions: 0:4.19.4-105.el9_4.4 < *; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support: 0:4.21.3-14.el9_6.1 < *
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
libsmbclient as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libsmbclient-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-client as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-doc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-domainjoin-gui as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-glusterfs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-swat as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind-clients as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind-krb5-locator as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-client as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-dc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-dc-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-pidl as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-python as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-swat as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-test as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-winbind as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-winbind-clients as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-winbind-krb5-locator as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · Fixed: libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); and 4152 more
After
libsmbclient as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libsmbclient-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-client as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-doc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-domainjoin-gui as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-glusterfs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-swat as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind-clients as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba-winbind-krb5-locator as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-client as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-dc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-dc-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-pidl as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-python as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-swat as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-test as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-winbind as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-winbind-clients as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4-winbind-krb5-locator as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; samba4.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 · Fixed: libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libsmbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); libwbclient-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); samba-client-libs-0:4.10.16-26.el7_9.1.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS); and 4152 more
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
CVE-2026-4480: Samba: samba: remote code execution in printing subsystem via unescaped job description | BlackTree
