Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- EPSS is 0.51% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-44688High confidence
Eclipse Foundation Eclipse Theia — Improper Neutralization of Input Used for LLM Prompting
Eclipse Foundation · Eclipse Theia
8.4HighCVSS 4.0
Within 7 days
Patch availableHigh technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Eclipse Foundation Eclipse Theia and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Open-source package ranges14 source-attributed ranges
These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.
| Ecosystem and package | Affected range | First fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| npm@theia/ai-chat | < 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 19 Jun 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-chat | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-chat-ui | < 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 19 Jun 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-chat-ui | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-claude-code | < 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 19 Jun 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-claude-code | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-code-completion | < 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 19 Jun 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-code-completion | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-core | < 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 19 Jun 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-core | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-editor | < 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 19 Jun 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-editor | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-ide | < 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 19 Jun 2026 |
| npm@theia/ai-ide | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.71.0 | 1.71.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Patch available01
What, why and how
In Eclipse Theia versions prior to 1.71.0, the AI chat agent processed workspace file and directory names as part of its prompt context without distinguishing them from system instructions. An attacker could craft a malicious repository with adversarial directory or file names that, when analyzed by the AI agent, would cause the agent to follow attacker-controlled instructions (indirect prompt injection). Combined with other AI chat features available in untrusted workspaces, this enabled attack chains leading to data exfiltration via Markdown image rendering or arbitrary command execution via task definitions.
What
In Eclipse Theia versions prior to 1.71.0, the AI chat agent processed workspace file and directory names as part of its prompt context without distinguishing them from system instructions. An attacker could craft a malicious repository with adversarial directory or file names that, when analyzed by the AI agent, would cause the agent to follow attacker-controlled instructions (indirect prompt injection). Combined with other AI chat features available in untrusted workspaces, this enabled attack chains leading to data exfiltration via Markdown image rendering or arbitrary command execution via task definitions.
Why
The product uses externally-provided data to build prompts provided to large language models (LLMs), but the way these prompts are constructed causes the LLM to fail to distinguish between user-supplied inputs and developer provided system directives.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation when the stated preconditions are met. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
In Eclipse Theia versions prior to 1.71.0, the AI chat agent processed workspace file and directory names as part of its prompt context without distinguishing them from system instructions. An attacker could craft a malicious repository with adversarial directory or file names that, when analyzed by the AI agent, would cause the agent to follow attacker-controlled instructions (indirect prompt injection). Combined with other AI chat features available in untrusted workspaces, this enabled attack chains leading to data exfiltration via Markdown image rendering or arbitrary command execution via task definitions.
Why
The product uses externally-provided data to build prompts provided to large language models (LLMs), but the way these prompts are constructed causes the LLM to fail to distinguish between user-supplied inputs and developer provided system directives.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation when the stated preconditions are met. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- local access → Improper Neutralization of Input Used for LLM Prompting → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Local
- Privileges required
- None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
- User interaction
- Active interaction required
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-1427 ↗
CWE-1427: Improper Neutralization of Input Used for LLM Prompting. The product uses externally-provided data to build prompts provided to large language models (LLMs), but the way these prompts are constructed causes the LLM to fail to distinguish between user-supplied inputs and developer provided system directives.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:NCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UIActiveUser interaction: A user must take a deliberate action for exploitation to succeed.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VIHighVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Patch available
- Affected
- Eclipse Theia: < 1.71.0
- Action
- Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 18 Jun 2026 · Last source change 19 Jun 2026, 03:55 UTC · CWE-1427 · Improper Neutralization of Input Used for LLM Prompting
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-37898
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.