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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-41163High confidence

bubblewrap vulnerable to privilege escalation in setuid mode via ptrace

containers · bubblewrap

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-XQ78-7HW4-5JVP ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

8.7HighCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 0.36% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs containers bubblewrap and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Alpine, Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

7 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · mainbubblewrapVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 3 Oct 2026
Alpine v3.22v3.22 · mainbubblewrapVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 3 Oct 2026
Alpine v3.21v3.21 · mainbubblewrapVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 3 Oct 2026
Debian trixietrixie · sourcebubblewrapVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.0.11.0-2+deb13u1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcebubblewrapNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcebubblewrapVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.0.11.2-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcebubblewrapVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.0.11.2-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2026-41163 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitybubblewrap: bubblewrap: Privilege escalation via ptrace when installed in setuid mode
3 fixed

The vendor explicitly identifies these products or versions as containing the fix.

  • bubblewrap-0:0.12.0-1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
  • bubblewrap-0:0.12.0-1.hum1@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
  • bubblewrap-0:0.12.0-1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
Summary
A flaw was found in bubblewrap when operating in setuid mode. A local user may use ptrace to interfere with the sandbox setup process and gain access to privileged operations that are normally restricted. This could allow an attacker to bypass intended sandboxing restrictions and potentially elevate privileges on the system.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://images.redhat.com/
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-28884

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

bubblewrap is a low-level unprivileged sandboxing tool. From version 0.11.0 to before version 0.11.2, if bubblewrap is installed in setuid mode then the user can use ptrace to attach to bubblewrap and control the unprivileged part of the sandbox setup phase. This allows the attacker to arbitrarily use the privileged operations, and in particular the "overlay mount" operation, allowing the creation of overlay mounts which is otherwise not allowed in the setuid version of bubblewrap. This issue has been patched in version 0.11.2.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
8.7 · CVSS 4.0
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

bubblewrap is a low-level unprivileged sandboxing tool. From version 0.11.0 to before version 0.11.2, if bubblewrap is installed in setuid mode then the user can use ptrace to attach to bubblewrap and control the unprivileged part of the sandbox setup phase. This allows the attacker to arbitrarily use the privileged operations, and in particular the "overlay mount" operation, allowing the creation of overlay mounts which is otherwise not allowed in the setuid version of bubblewrap. This issue has been patched in version 0.11.2.

What

bubblewrap is a low-level unprivileged sandboxing tool. From version 0.11.0 to before version 0.11.2, if bubblewrap is installed in setuid mode then the user can use ptrace to attach to bubblewrap and control the unprivileged part of the sandbox setup phase. This allows the attacker to arbitrarily use the privileged operations, and in particular the "overlay mount" operation, allowing the creation of overlay mounts which is otherwise not allowed in the setuid version of bubblewrap. This issue has been patched in version 0.11.2.

Why

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

bubblewrap is a low-level unprivileged sandboxing tool. From version 0.11.0 to before version 0.11.2, if bubblewrap is installed in setuid mode then the user can use ptrace to attach to bubblewrap and control the unprivileged part of the sandbox setup phase. This allows the attacker to arbitrarily use the privileged operations, and in particular the "overlay mount" operation, allowing the creation of overlay mounts which is otherwise not allowed in the setuid version of bubblewrap. This issue has been patched in version 0.11.2.

Why

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Privilege Management → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-269 ↗

CWE-269: Improper Privilege Management. The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCNoneVulnerable-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VIHighVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VANoneVulnerable-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-269
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-28884Official EUVD mapping

bubblewrap is a low-level unprivileged sandboxing tool. From version 0.11.0 to before version 0.11.2, if bubblewrap is installed in setuid mode then the user can use ptrace to attach to bubblewrap and control the unprivileged part of the sandbox setup phase. This allows the attacker to arbitrarily use the privileged operations, and in particular the "overlay mount" operation, allowing the creation of overlay mounts which is otherwise not allowed in the setuid version of bubblewrap. This issue has been patched in version 0.11.2.

Official EUVD record ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
bubblewrap: 0.11.0, < 0.11.2
Fixed
Action
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://images.redhat.com/
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 9 May 2026 · Last source change 1 Sept 2026, 12:04 UTC · CWE-269 · Improper Privilege Management

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-28884
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    bubblewrap: >= 0.11.0, < 0.11.2 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    bubblewrap: >= 0.11.0, < 0.11.2 · Fixed: For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://images.redhat.com/
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  2. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed from remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163 to remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163.
    Before
    remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163
    After
    remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  3. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  4. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    bubblewrap.src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
    After
    Fixed: bubblewrap-0:0.12.0-1.hum1@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; bubblewrap-0:0.12.0-1.hum1@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images; bubblewrap-0:0.12.0-1.hum1@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  5. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed from remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163 to remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163.
    Before
    remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163
    After
    remediation: access.redhat.com/CVE-2026-41163
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  6. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    After
    bubblewrap.src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  7. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    >= 0.11.0, < 0.11.2 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    bubblewrap: >= 0.11.0, < 0.11.2 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-28884↗Red Hat Product Security security advisory↗CVE authority or vendor reference · GitHub GHSA-XQ78-7HW4-5JVP↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-41163 · cve.blacktree.nl