BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
← Back to the CVE catalogue
Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-31641High confidence

rxrpc: Fix RxGK token loading to check bounds

Linux · Linux

7.8HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 11 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:Medium, lowered one band.downgradedsince 20 Aug 2026

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.19% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Linux Linux and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 11 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

15 package states
Package result overrides the generic status

BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 11 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.

Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcelinuxNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcelinuxNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.19.13-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.19.13-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-aws-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gcp-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oem-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oracle-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspi-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-riscvAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2026-31641 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitykernel: rxrpc: Fix RxGK token loading to check bounds
315 fixed

The vendor explicitly identifies these products or versions as containing the fix.

  • kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-64k-debug-devel-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-64k-debuginfo-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-64k-devel-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-64k-devel-matched-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-debug-debuginfo-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-debug-debuginfo-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-debug-debuginfo-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-debug-debuginfo-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-debug-devel-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
  • kernel-debug-devel-0:6.12.0-211.26.1.el10_2.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)
Summary
A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's rxrpc subsystem. An unprivileged local user could exploit an integer overflow vulnerability in the `rxrpc_preparse_xdr_yfs_rxgk()` function. This flaw occurs when processing specially crafted key and ticket lengths, causing an incorrect memory allocation size. Consequently, a heap buffer overflow can occur, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or a denial of service.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258 The system must be rebooted for this update to take effect.
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-25534

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix RxGK token loading to check bounds rxrpc_preparse_xdr_yfs_rxgk() reads the raw key length and ticket length from the XDR token as u32 values and passes each through round_up(x, 4) before using the rounded value for validation and allocation. When the raw length is >= 0xfffffffd, round_up() wraps to 0, so the bounds check and kzalloc both use 0 while the subsequent memcpy still copies the original ~4 GiB value, producing a heap buffer overflow reachable from an unprivileged add_key() call. Fix this by: (1) Rejecting raw key lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_KEY_MAX and raw ticket lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_TOKEN_MAX before rounding, consistent with the caps that the RxKAD path already enforces via AFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAX. (2) Sizing the flexible-array allocation from the validated raw key length via struct_size_t() instead of the rounded value. (3) Caching the raw lengths so that the later field assignments and memcpy calls do not re-read from the token, eliminating a class of TOCTOU re-parse. The control path (valid token with lengths within bounds) is unaffected.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
7.8 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 11 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix RxGK token loading to check bounds rxrpc_preparse_xdr_yfs_rxgk() reads the raw key length and ticket length from the XDR token as u32 values and passes each through round_up(x, 4) before using the rounded value for validation and allocation. When the raw length is >= 0xfffffffd, round_up() wraps to 0, so the bounds check and kzalloc both use 0 while the subsequent memcpy still copies the original ~4 GiB value, producing a heap buffer overflow reachable from an unprivileged add_key() call. Fix this by: (1) Rejecting raw key lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_KEY_MAX and raw ticket lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_TOKEN_MAX before rounding, consistent with the caps that the RxKAD path already enforces via AFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAX. (2) Sizing the flexible-array allocation from the validated raw key length via struct_size_t() instead of the rounded value. (3) Caching the raw lengths so that the later field assignments and memcpy calls do not re-read from the token, eliminating a class of TOCTOU re-parse. The control path (valid token with lengths within bounds) is unaffected.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix RxGK token loading to check bounds rxrpc_preparse_xdr_yfs_rxgk() reads the raw key length and ticket length from the XDR token as u32 values and passes each through round_up(x, 4) before using the rounded value for validation and allocation. When the raw length is >= 0xfffffffd, round_up() wraps to 0, so the bounds check and kzalloc both use 0 while the subsequent memcpy still copies the original ~4 GiB value, producing a heap buffer overflow reachable from an unprivileged add_key() call. Fix this by: (1) Rejecting raw key lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_KEY_MAX and raw ticket lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_TOKEN_MAX before rounding, consistent with the caps that the RxKAD path already enforces via AFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAX. (2) Sizing the flexible-array allocation from the validated raw key length via struct_size_t() instead of the rounded value. (3) Caching the raw lengths so that the later field assignments and memcpy calls do not re-read from the token, eliminating a class of TOCTOU re-parse. The control path (valid token with lengths within bounds) is unaffected.

Why

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix RxGK token loading to check bounds rxrpc_preparse_xdr_yfs_rxgk() reads the raw key length and ticket length from the XDR token as u32 values and passes each through round_up(x, 4) before using the rounded value for validation and allocation. When the raw length is >= 0xfffffffd, round_up() wraps to 0, so the bounds check and kzalloc both use 0 while the subsequent memcpy still copies the original ~4 GiB value, producing a heap buffer overflow reachable from an unprivileged add_key() call. Fix this by: (1) Rejecting raw key lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_KEY_MAX and raw ticket lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_TOKEN_MAX before rounding, consistent with the caps that the RxKAD path already enforces via AFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAX. (2) Sizing the flexible-array allocation from the validated raw key length via struct_size_t() instead of the rounded value. (3) Caching the raw lengths so that the later field assignments and memcpy calls do not re-read from the token, eliminating a class of TOCTOU re-parse. The control path (valid token with lengths within bounds) is unaffected.

Why

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Integer Overflow or Wraparound → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-190 ↗

CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound. The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
CWE-190
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-25534Official EUVD mapping

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix RxGK token loading to check bounds rxrpc_preparse_xdr_yfs_rxgk() reads the raw key length and ticket length from the XDR token as u32 values and passes each through round_up(x, 4) before using the rounded value for validation and allocation. When the raw length is >= 0xfffffffd, round_up() wraps to 0, so the bounds check and kzalloc both use 0 while the subsequent memcpy still copies the original ~4 GiB value, producing a heap buffer overflow reachable from an unprivileged add_key() call. Fix this by: (1) Rejecting raw key lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_KEY_MAX and raw ticket lengths above AFSTOKEN_GK_TOKEN_MAX before rounding, consistent with the caps that the RxKAD path already enforces via AFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAX. (2) Sizing the flexible-array allocation from the validated raw key length via struct_size_t() instead of the rounded value. (3) Caching the raw lengths so that the later field assignments and memcpy calls do not re-read from the token, eliminating a class of TOCTOU re-parse. The control path (valid token with lengths within bounds) is unaffected.

Official EUVD record ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-1279Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen im Linux Kernel ausnutzen, um nicht näher spezifizierte Angriffe durchzuführen, welche zu einem Denial-of-Service-Zustand, einer Rechteausweitung, der Ausführung von Code oder einer Speicherbeschädigung führen könnten.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20260429Security Bulletin 29 Apr 2026

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 29 Apr 2026, published on 29 April 2026. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0808Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Red Hat

lletin de sécurité Red Hat RHSA-2026:26528 du 25 juin 2026 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26528 Bulletin de sécurité Red Hat RHSA-2026:26542 du 25 juin 2026 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26542 Bulletin de sécurité Red Hat RHSA-2026:30129 du 25 juin 2026 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30129 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31419 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31419 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31474 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31474 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31488 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31488 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31636 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31636 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31641 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31641 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31669 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31669 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31772 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31772 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31786 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31786 Référence CVE CVE-2026-31787 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31787 Référence CVE CVE-2026-35385 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-35385 Référence CVE CVE-2026-39979 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-39979 Référence CVE CVE-2026-40164 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-40164 Référence CVE CVE-2026-41035 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-013646LinuxのLinux Kernelにおける境界外読み取りに関する脆弱性

Linuxカーネルにおいて、以下の脆弱性が修正されました。rxrpcでは、RxGKトークンの読み込み時の境界チェックを修正しました。rxrpc_preparse_xdr_yfs_rxgk()はXDRトークンから生のキー長とチケット長をu32値として読み取り、それぞれをround_up(x, 4)で丸めた後に検証および割り当てに使用しています。生の長さが0xfffffffd以上の場合、round_up()は0に巻き戻るため、境界チェックとkzallocは0を使用しますが、その後のmemcpyは元の約4GiBの値をコピーし続け、特権のないadd_key()呼び出しから到達可能なヒープバッファオーバーフローを引き起こします。本問題の修正内容は次の通りです。(1) RxKADパスがAFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAXで既に強制している上限に合わせて、丸める前に生のキー長がAFSTOKEN_GK_KEY_MAXを超える場合と生のチケット長がAFSTOKEN_GK_TOKEN_MAXを超える場合を拒否すること。(2) 柔軟な配列割り当てサイズを丸め値ではなく、検証済みの生のキー長からstruct_size_t()を使用して算出すること。(3) フィールド代入およびmemcpyの際にトークンから再読み込みしないように生の長さをキャッシュし、TOCTOU再解析の問題を排除すること。有効なトークンで境界内の長さを持つ制御パスには影響がありません。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
Linux: 0ca100ff4df64f5d0f6c1dd5080c3e096786bea6 < 3e04596cba8a86cbff9c3f4bf0a524a3a488773c, 0ca100ff4df64f5d0f6c1dd5080c3e096786bea6 < 49875b360c2b83a3c226e189c502e501d83e6445, 0ca100ff4df64f5d0f6c1dd5080c3e096786bea6 < d179a868dd755b0cfcf7582e00943d702b9943b8, 6.16
Fixed
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 24 Apr 2026 · Last source change 20 Aug 2026, 12:31 UTC · CWE-190 · Integer Overflow or Wraparound

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-25534
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceOther authority
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-25534↗Vendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-31641 · cve.blacktree.nl