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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-27951High confidence

FreeRDP has possible Integer overflow in Stream_EnsureCapacity

FreeRDP · FreeRDP

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-QCFC-GHXR-H927 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

5.3MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:High, raised one band.upgradedsince 25 Feb 2026

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 0.36% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs FreeRDP FreeRDP and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

6 package states
Package result overrides the generic status

BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 2 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.

Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcefreerdp3Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcefreerdp2Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcefreerdp3Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.23.0+dfsg-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcefreerdp3Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.23.0+dfsg-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · esm-appsfreerdp2Under evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivefreerdp3Vendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.3.30.0+dfsg-0ubuntu0.24.04.1Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2026-27951 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securityfreerdp: FreeRDP: Denial of Service via endless blocking loop in Stream_EnsureCapacity
12 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • freerdp as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • freerdp-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • freerdp-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • freerdp-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • freerdp.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • libwinpr as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • libwinpr-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • freerdp as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
  • freerdp-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
  • freerdp-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
  • freerdp-plugins as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
  • freerdp.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Summary
A flaw was found in FreeRDP, a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. The `Stream_EnsureCapacity` function can create an endless blocking loop, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS). This vulnerability can be exploited on 32-bit systems where the available physical memory is greater than or equal to the `SIZE_MAX` variable, potentially affecting both client and server implementations using FreeRDP.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-8755

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, the function `Stream_EnsureCapacity` can create an endless blocking loop. This may affect all client and server implementations using `FreeRDP`. For practical exploitation this will only work on 32bit systems where the available physical memory is `>= SIZE_MAX`. Version 3.23.0 contains a patch. No known workarounds are available.

What

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, the function `Stream_EnsureCapacity` can create an endless blocking loop. This may affect all client and server implementations using `FreeRDP`. For practical exploitation this will only work on 32bit systems where the available physical memory is `>= SIZE_MAX`. Version 3.23.0 contains a patch. No known workarounds are available.

Why

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, the function `Stream_EnsureCapacity` can create an endless blocking loop. This may affect all client and server implementations using `FreeRDP`. For practical exploitation this will only work on 32bit systems where the available physical memory is `>= SIZE_MAX`. Version 3.23.0 contains a patch. No known workarounds are available.

Why

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Integer Overflow or Wraparound → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-190 ↗

CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound. The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ALowAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-190Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-0514FreeRDP: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in FreeRDP ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, und um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20260304Security Bulletin 4 Mar 2026

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 4 Mar 2026, published on 4 March 2026. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-005463FreeRDPにおける整数オーバーフローの脆弱性

FreeRDPはリモートデスクトッププロトコルの無料実装です。バージョン3.23.0以前では、関数`Stream_EnsureCapacity`が無限のブロッキングループを作成する可能性がありました。これは、`FreeRDP`を使用するすべてのクライアントおよびサーバーの実装に影響を与えます。実際の悪用は、利用可能な物理メモリが`= SIZE_MAX`である32ビットシステムでのみ有効です。バージョン3.23.0には修正パッチが含まれています。既知の回避策はありません。

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-035302FreeRDPにおける整数オーバーフローの脆弱性

FreeRDPのバージョン3.31.0以前には、WinPRのStream_EnsureRemainingCapacity関数に整数オーバーフローの脆弱性が存在しており、リモートの攻撃者がサービス拒否を引き起こす可能性があります。悪意のあるRD Gatewayピアが細工された64ビット拡張ペイロード長を持つWebSocket Pingフレームを送信すると、整数のラップアラウンドが発生し、ダブルフリーが引き起こされ、その結果、接続中にFreeRDPクライアントがクラッシュします。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
Fixed
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 25 Feb 2026 · Last source change 25 Feb 2026, 21:43 UTC · CWE-190 · Integer Overflow or Wraparound

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-8755
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    < 3.23.0 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    < 3.23.0 · Fixed: For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-27951 · cve.blacktree.nl