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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-25990High confidence

Pillow has an out-of-bounds write when loading PSD images

python-pillow · Pillow

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-CFH3-3JMP-RVHC ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

8.6HighCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.45% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs python-pillow Pillow and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Alpine, Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

5 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · communitypy3-pillowVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.11.3.0-r2Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 11 Sep 2026
Debian trixietrixie · sourcepillowVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.11.1.0-5+deb13u1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcepillowNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcepillowVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.12.1.1-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcepillowVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.12.1.1-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Open-source package ranges2 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
PyPIpillowECOSYSTEM: introduced 10.3.0; fixed 12.1.112.1.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026
pippillow>= 10.3.0, < 12.1.112.1.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 30 Apr 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2026-25990 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitypillow: Pillow: Out-of-bounds Write via Specially Crafted PSD Image
18 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • openshift-lightspeed-tech-preview/lightspeed-rag-tool-rhel9 as a component of OpenShift Lightspeed
  • openshift-lightspeed/lightspeed-ocp-rag-rhel9 as a component of OpenShift Lightspeed
  • openshift-lightspeed/lightspeed-service-api-rhel9 as a component of OpenShift Lightspeed
  • rhai/docling-cuda-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat AI Inference Server
  • rhaiis/vllm-tpu-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat AI Inference Server
  • ansible-automation-platform-26/hub-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
  • python3.11-pillow.src as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
  • rhelai3/bootc-aws-cuda-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3
  • rhelai3/bootc-azure-cuda-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3
  • rhelai3/bootc-cuda-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3
  • rhelai3/bootc-gcp-cuda-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3
  • rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3
Summary
A flaw was found the Pillow Python imaging library. Providing a specially crafted PSD image may lead to an out-of-bounds write. This could potentially allow for arbitrary code execution or information disclosure.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, refer to Ansible Automation Platform documentation.
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-6218

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 10.3.0 to before 12.1.1, an out-of-bounds write may be triggered when loading a specially crafted PSD image. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.1.1.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
8.6 · CVSS 4.0
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 10.3.0 to before 12.1.1, an out-of-bounds write may be triggered when loading a specially crafted PSD image. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.1.1.

What

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 10.3.0 to before 12.1.1, an out-of-bounds write may be triggered when loading a specially crafted PSD image. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.1.1.

Why

A bounds error lets data be written beyond the intended memory region, potentially corrupting control data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 10.3.0 to before 12.1.1, an out-of-bounds write may be triggered when loading a specially crafted PSD image. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.1.1.

Why

A bounds error lets data be written beyond the intended memory region, potentially corrupting control data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Out-of-bounds Write → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-787 ↗

CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write. The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VIHighVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
UnauthenticatedCWE-787
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-6218Official EUVD mapping

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 10.3.0 to before 12.1.1, an out-of-bounds write may be triggered when loading a specially crafted PSD image. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.1.1.

Official EUVD record ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-3046IBM Concert: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM Concert ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, um Informationen offenzulegen, um Dateien zu manipulieren, um einen Cross-Site Scripting Angriff durchzuführen, um einen SQL-Injection Angriff durchzuführen und um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-1204Oracle Financial Services Applications: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Oracle Financial Services Applications ausnutzen, um die Vertraulichkeit, Integrität und Verfügbarkeit zu gefährden.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-0935Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, Daten zu manipulieren, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder Cross-Site-Scripting-Angriffe durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-1730Xerox FreeFlow Print Server: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen nicht spezifizierten Angriff

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Xerox FreeFlow Print Server ausnutzen, um einen nicht näher spezifizierten Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20260218Security Bulletin 18 Feb 2026

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 18 Feb 2026, published on 18 February 2026. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0627Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Splunk

d?id=CVE-2026-24515 Référence CVE CVE-2026-24688 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24688 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25210 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25210 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25541 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25541 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25639 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25639 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25679 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25679 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25833 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25833 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25834 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25834 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25835 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25835 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25990 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25990 Référence CVE CVE-2026-26007 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-26007 Référence CVE CVE-2026-2648 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-2648 Référence CVE CVE-2026-2649 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-2649 Référence CVE CVE-2026-2650 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-2650 Référence CVE CVE-2026-2673 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-2673 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27024 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27024 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27025 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27025 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27026 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0556Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2026-23949 Référence CVE CVE-2026-24049 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24049 Référence CVE CVE-2026-24051 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24051 Référence CVE CVE-2026-24281 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24281 Référence CVE CVE-2026-24308 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24308 Référence CVE CVE-2026-24880 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24880 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25645 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25645 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25679 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25679 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25854 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25854 Référence CVE CVE-2026-25990 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25990 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27135 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27135 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27139 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27139 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27140 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27140 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27141 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27141 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27142 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27142 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27143 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27143 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27144 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27144 Référence CVE CVE-2026-27199 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-003602Python Software FoundationのPython Pillowにおける境界外書き込みに関する脆弱性

PillowはPythonの画像処理ライブラリです。バージョン10.3.0から12.1.1未満の間に、特別に細工されたPSD画像を読み込む際に境界外書き込みが発生する可能性がありました。この脆弱性は12.1.1で修正されています。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
Action
For details on how to apply this update, refer to Ansible Automation Platform documentation.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 11 Feb 2026 · Last source change 16 Sept 2026, 12:04 UTC · CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-6218
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    >= 10.3.0, < 12.1.1 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    Pillow: >= 10.3.0, < 12.1.1 · Fixed: RHSA-2026:6278: Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8, Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-6218↗Vendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security↗CVE authority or vendor reference · GitHub GHSA-CFH3-3JMP-RVHC↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2026-25990 · cve.blacktree.nl