Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- EPSS is 0.40% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-25534High confidence
Spinnaker clouddriver and orca URL validation bypass via underscores in hostnames
io.spinnaker.clouddriver · clouddriver-artifacts
Official source article: GitHub GHSA-8R8J-GFHG-FW38 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.
9.1CriticalCVSS 3.1
Within 7 days
Fix not verifiedCritical technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityCritical→Operational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs io.spinnaker.clouddriver clouddriver-artifacts and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Open-source package ranges12 source-attributed ranges
These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.
| Ecosystem and package | Affected range | First fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mavenio.spinnaker.clouddriver:clouddriver-artifacts | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 2025.1.6; fixed 2025.2.4 | 2025.2.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 1 Sep 2026 |
| Mavenio.spinnaker.clouddriver:clouddriver-artifacts | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 2025.3.0; fixed 2025.3.1 | 2025.3.1 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 1 Sep 2026 |
| Mavenio.spinnaker.clouddriver:clouddriver-artifacts | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 2025.4.0; fixed 2025.4.1 | 2025.4.1 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 1 Sep 2026 |
| Mavenio.spinnaker.orca:orca-core | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 2025.1.6; fixed 2025.2.4 | 2025.2.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 1 Sep 2026 |
| Mavenio.spinnaker.orca:orca-core | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 2025.3.0; fixed 2025.3.1 | 2025.3.1 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 1 Sep 2026 |
| Mavenio.spinnaker.orca:orca-core | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 2025.4.0; fixed 2025.4.1 | 2025.4.1 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 1 Sep 2026 |
| mavenio.spinnaker.clouddriver:clouddriver-artifacts | >= 2025.3.0, < 2025.3.1 | 2025.3.1 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 1 Sep 2026 |
| mavenio.spinnaker.clouddriver:clouddriver-artifacts | >= 2025.4.0, < 2025.4.1 | 2025.4.1 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 1 Sep 2026 |
| mavenio.spinnaker.clouddriver:clouddriver-artifacts | >= 2025.1.6, < 2025.2.4 | 2025.2.4 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 1 Sep 2026 |
| mavenio.spinnaker.orca:orca-core | >= 2025.3.0, < 2025.3.1 | 2025.3.1 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 1 Sep 2026 |
| mavenio.spinnaker.orca:orca-core | >= 2025.4.0, < 2025.4.1 | 2025.4.1 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 1 Sep 2026 |
| mavenio.spinnaker.orca:orca-core | >= 2025.1.6, < 2025.2.4 | 2025.2.4 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 1 Sep 2026 |
Critical technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Fix not verified01
What, why and how
### Impact Spinnaker updated URL Validation logic on user input to provide sanitation on user inputted URLs for clouddriver. However, they missed that Java URL objects do not correctly handle underscores on parsing. This led to a bypass of the previous CVE (CVE-2025-61916) through the use of carefully crafted URLs. Note, Spinnaker found this not just in that CVE, but in the existing URL validations in Orca fromUrl expression handling. This CVE impacts BOTH artifacts as a result. ### Patches This has been merged and will be available in versions 2025.4.1, 2025.3.1, 2025.2.4 and 2026.0.0. ### Workarounds You can disable the various artifacts on this system to work around these limits.
What
### Impact Spinnaker updated URL Validation logic on user input to provide sanitation on user inputted URLs for clouddriver. However, they missed that Java URL objects do not correctly handle underscores on parsing. This led to a bypass of the previous CVE (CVE-2025-61916) through the use of carefully crafted URLs. Note, Spinnaker found this not just in that CVE, but in the existing URL validations in Orca fromUrl expression handling. This CVE impacts BOTH artifacts as a result. ### Patches This has been merged and will be available in versions 2025.4.1, 2025.3.1, 2025.2.4 and 2026.0.0. ### Workarounds You can disable the various artifacts on this system to work around these limits.
Why
The server follows an attacker-influenced destination, allowing requests to systems or services the attacker cannot reach directly.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
### Impact Spinnaker updated URL Validation logic on user input to provide sanitation on user inputted URLs for clouddriver. However, they missed that Java URL objects do not correctly handle underscores on parsing. This led to a bypass of the previous CVE (CVE-2025-61916) through the use of carefully crafted URLs. Note, Spinnaker found this not just in that CVE, but in the existing URL validations in Orca fromUrl expression handling. This CVE impacts BOTH artifacts as a result. ### Patches This has been merged and will be available in versions 2025.4.1, 2025.3.1, 2025.2.4 and 2026.0.0. ### Workarounds You can disable the various artifacts on this system to work around these limits.
Why
The server follows an attacker-influenced destination, allowing requests to systems or services the attacker cannot reach directly.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- a network path → Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low: a basic authenticated account is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-918 ↗
CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:LCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.ILowIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ALowAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Fix not verified
- Affected
- clouddriver-artifacts: < 2025.2.4, >= 2025.3.0, < 2025.3.1, >= 2025.4.0, < 2025.4.1
- orca-core: < 2025.2.4, >= 2025.3.0, < 2025.3.1, >= 2025.4.0, < 2025.4.1
- Fixed
- No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- Action
- No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 17 Mar 2026 · Last source change 17 Mar 2026, 17:58 UTC · CWE-918 · Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-12592
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.