Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- EPSS is 0.76% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-24425High confidence
Twig 2.16.x & 3.9.0-3.25.x Sandbox Bypass via SourcePolicyInterface
twigphp · Twig
Official source article: GitHub GHSA-2Q52-X2FF-QGFR ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.
8.7HighCVSS 4.0
Within 7 days
Fix not verifiedHigh technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs twigphp Twig and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Distribution package intelligence
4 package statesRelease-specific package status
Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
| Distribution release | Source package | Vendor state | Fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian trixietrixie · source | php-twig | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 3.27.0-0+deb13u1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian bookwormbookworm · source | php-twig | Not affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0). | Not published in this feed | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian forkyforky · source | php-twig | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 3.26.0-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian sidsid · source | php-twig | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 3.26.0-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
Open-source package ranges4 source-attributed ranges
These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.
| Ecosystem and package | Affected range | First fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Packagisttwig/twig | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 2.16.0; last affected 2.16.1 | Not stated | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| Packagisttwig/twig | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 3.9.0; fixed 3.26.0 | 3.26.0 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| composertwig/twig | >= 2.16.0, <= 2.16.1 | Not stated | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 5 Jun 2026 |
| composertwig/twig | >= 3.9.0, < 3.26.0 | 3.26.0 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 5 Jun 2026 |
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Fix not verified01
What, why and how
Twig versions 2.16.x and 3.9.0 through 3.25.x contain a sandbox bypass vulnerability when using a SourcePolicyInterface that allows attackers with template rendering capabilities to pass arbitrary PHP callables to sort, filter, map, and reduce filters. Attackers can exploit the runtime check that fails to use the current template source to bypass sandbox restrictions and execute arbitrary code when the sandbox is enabled through a source policy rather than globally.
What
Twig versions 2.16.x and 3.9.0 through 3.25.x contain a sandbox bypass vulnerability when using a SourcePolicyInterface that allows attackers with template rendering capabilities to pass arbitrary PHP callables to sort, filter, map, and reduce filters. Attackers can exploit the runtime check that fails to use the current template source to bypass sandbox restrictions and execute arbitrary code when the sandbox is enabled through a source policy rather than globally.
Why
The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.
What
Twig versions 2.16.x and 3.9.0 through 3.25.x contain a sandbox bypass vulnerability when using a SourcePolicyInterface that allows attackers with template rendering capabilities to pass arbitrary PHP callables to sort, filter, map, and reduce filters. Attackers can exploit the runtime check that fails to use the current template source to bypass sandbox restrictions and execute arbitrary code when the sandbox is enabled through a source policy rather than globally.
Why
The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- a network path → Protection Mechanism Failure → execute code or commands in the affected security context
- Attack surface
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low: a basic authenticated account is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-693 ↗
CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure. The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:NCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VIHighVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Fix not verified
- Affected
- Twig: 3.9.0 < 3.26.0, 2.16.*
- Fixed
- No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- Action
- No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 20 May 2026 · Last source change 14 Jul 2026, 15:53 UTC · CWE-693 · Protection Mechanism Failure
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-31113
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.