Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
- EPSS is 0.09% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-115400High confidence
crawlseo before 0.2.5 Cleartext Storage of Google OAuth Tokens
crawlseo · crawlseo
6.7MediumCVSS 4.0
Scheduled
Patch availableMedium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityMedium→Operational priority:Low, lowered one band.downgradedsince 22 Oct 2026
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs crawlseo crawlseo and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available01
What, why and how
crawlseo before version 0.2.5 contains a cleartext storage vulnerability that allows attackers with database read access to obtain Google OAuth access and refresh tokens stored unencrypted in the User.googleTokens column. Attackers can read the plaintext long-lived refresh tokens from a compromised or exposed Postgres database to gain indefinite, unauthenticated access to all registered users' Google Search Console data.
What
crawlseo before version 0.2.5 contains a cleartext storage vulnerability that allows attackers with database read access to obtain Google OAuth access and refresh tokens stored unencrypted in the User.googleTokens column. Attackers can read the plaintext long-lived refresh tokens from a compromised or exposed Postgres database to gain indefinite, unauthenticated access to all registered users' Google Search Console data.
Why
The product stores sensitive information in cleartext within a resource that might be accessible to another control sphere.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
crawlseo before version 0.2.5 contains a cleartext storage vulnerability that allows attackers with database read access to obtain Google OAuth access and refresh tokens stored unencrypted in the User.googleTokens column. Attackers can read the plaintext long-lived refresh tokens from a compromised or exposed Postgres database to gain indefinite, unauthenticated access to all registered users' Google Search Console data.
Why
The product stores sensitive information in cleartext within a resource that might be accessible to another control sphere.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- local access → Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Local
- Privileges required
- High: elevated access is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-312 ↗
CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information. The product stores sensitive information in cleartext within a resource that might be accessible to another control sphere.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:NCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRHighPrivileges required: The attacker needs elevated or administrative privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VINoneVulnerable-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VANoneVulnerable-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Patch available
- Affected
- crawlseo: 0.1.0 < 0.2.5
- Action
- Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 22 Oct 2026 · Last source change 23 Oct 2026, 13:28 UTC · CWE-312 · Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-10-23
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-108165
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
- ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2026-108165 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.ENISA EUVD ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- {"euvdId":"EUVD-2026-108165"}
- Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.Official European vulnerability authority ↗
- Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: removed patch: github.com/v0.2.5; removed remediation: github.com/v0.2.5.CNA ↗
- Before
- patch: github.com/v0.2.5 · remediation: github.com/v0.2.5
- After
- no authoritative guidance recorded
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.CNA ↗
- Before
- crawlseo: 0.1.0 < 0.2.5 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
- After
- crawlseo: 0.1.0 < 0.2.5 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Patch available to Awaiting fix.CNA ↗
- Before
- Patch available
- After
- Awaiting fix
- Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added patch: github.com/v0.2.5; added remediation: github.com/v0.2.5; removed remediation: euvd.enisa.europa.eu/EUVD-2026-108165.github.com ↗
- Before
- remediation: euvd.enisa.europa.eu/EUVD-2026-108165
- After
- patch: github.com/v0.2.5 · remediation: github.com/v0.2.5
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.CNA ↗
- Before
- crawlseo crawlseo 0.1.0 <0.2.5 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the available ENISA EUVD evidence.
- After
- crawlseo: 0.1.0 < 0.2.5 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.github.com ↗
- Before
- Awaiting fix
- After
- Patch available
- CVSS scoreCVSS scoring authority changed from Other authority to CNA; the displayed base score remained 6.7.CNA ↗
- Before
- 6.7 (CVSS 4.0 · Other authority · CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)
- After
- 6.7 (CVSS 4.0 · CNA · CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Official European vulnerability authority ↗
- Before
- ENISA EUVD does not provide a structured affected-product range for this provisional report. · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the available ENISA EUVD evidence.
- After
- crawlseo crawlseo 0.1.0 <0.2.5 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the available ENISA EUVD evidence.
- SeveritySeverity changed from Unknown to Medium.Other authority ↗
- Before
- Unknown
- After
- Medium
- CVSS scoreCVSS score changed from not recorded to 6.7 (CVSS 4.0 · Other authority · CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).Other authority ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- 6.7 (CVSS 4.0 · Other authority · CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.