Evidence used
- CISA confirms exploitation in the wild.
- The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
- EPSS is 2.20% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2026-104286High confidence
Fortinet FortiMail Path Traversal Vulnerability
Fortinet · FortiMail
Official source article: Fortinet FG-IR-26-175 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.
9.8CriticalCVSS 3.1
Patch now
Patch availableCISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2026-10-04 as the remediation due date.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityCritical→Operational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
- Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Fortinet FortiMail and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2026-10-04 as the remediation due date.
Patch available01
What, why and how
Fortinet FortiMail contains a path traversal and an improper neutralization of NULL byte or NULL character vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to write arbitrary files on the underlying system via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.
What
Fortinet FortiMail contains a path traversal and an improper neutralization of NULL byte or NULL character vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to write arbitrary files on the underlying system via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.
Why
Attacker-controlled path data is not constrained to the intended directory before the application accesses a file.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
Fortinet FortiMail contains a path traversal and an improper neutralization of NULL byte or NULL character vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to write arbitrary files on the underlying system via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.
Why
Attacker-controlled path data is not constrained to the intended directory before the application accesses a file.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation Confirmed in the wild
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2026-10-01.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- a network path → Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Network
- Privileges required
- None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-22 ↗
CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'). The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:CCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Patch available
- Fixed
- Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 8.0.1 or above
- Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 7.6.6 or above
- Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 7.4.8 or above
- Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 7.2.10 or above
- Upgrade to FortiRecorder version 7.6.1 or above
- Upgrade to FortiRecorder version 7.2.12 or above
- Upgrade to upcoming FortiRecorder version 7.0.7 or above
- Action
- Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
- Workaround
- A mitigation or workaround reference is available from the source linked below; validate it against the affected product and version.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 1 Oct 2026 · Last source change 5 Oct 2026, 15:28 UTC · CWE-22 · Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-10-02
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-91042
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
- Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added mitigation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-26-175.psirt@fortinet.com ↗
- Before
- remediation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-26-175
- After
- mitigation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-26-175 · remediation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-26-175
- BlackTree coverageBlackTree article coverage changed from no BlackTree article to 1 BlackTree article.BlackTree editorial ↗
- Before
- no BlackTree article
- After
- 1 BlackTree article
- ENISA known-exploited stateENISA EUVD now records this CVE in its known-exploited dataset.ENISA EUVD ↗
- Before
- not listed in ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset
- After
- listed in ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset (EUVD-2026-91042)
- ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2026-91042 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.ENISA EUVD ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- {"euvdId":"EUVD-2026-91042"}
- Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added remediation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-26-175.CNA ↗
- Before
- no authoritative guidance recorded
- After
- remediation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-26-175
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.CNA ↗
- Before
- No structured affected-product or version range is currently available from the CVE record or NVD. · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- After
- FortiMail: 8.0.0, 7.6.0 ≤ 7.6.5, 7.4.0 ≤ 7.4.6, 7.2.0 ≤ 7.2.9, 7.0.0 ≤ 7.0.9 · Fixed: Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 8.0.1 or above; Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 7.6.6 or above; Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 7.4.8 or above; Upgrade to upcoming FortiMail version 7.2.10 or above; Upgrade to FortiRecorder version 7.6.1 or above; Upgrade to FortiRecorder version 7.2.12 or above; Upgrade to upcoming FortiRecorder version 7.0.7 or above
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.CNA ↗
- Before
- Awaiting fix
- After
- Patch available
- SeveritySeverity changed from Unknown to Critical.CNA ↗
- Before
- Unknown
- After
- Critical
- CVSS scoreCVSS score changed from not recorded to 9.8 (CVSS 3.1 · CNA · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C).CNA ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- 9.8 (CVSS 3.1 · CNA · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C)
- Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.CISA KEV ↗
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.