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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-9804High confidence

Improper Access Control in Multiple WSO2 Products via Internal SOAP Admin Services and System REST APIs

WSO2 · WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager

9.6CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

Critical technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityCriticalOperational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.56% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-34754

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

Critical technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

An improper access control vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to insufficient permission enforcement in certain internal SOAP Admin Services and System REST APIs. A low-privileged user may exploit this flaw to perform unauthorized operations, including accessing server-level information. This vulnerability affects only internal administrative interfaces. APIs exposed through the WSO2 API Manager's API Gateway remain unaffected.

What

An improper access control vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to insufficient permission enforcement in certain internal SOAP Admin Services and System REST APIs. A low-privileged user may exploit this flaw to perform unauthorized operations, including accessing server-level information. This vulnerability affects only internal administrative interfaces. APIs exposed through the WSO2 API Manager's API Gateway remain unaffected.

Why

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

How

An attacker operating through an adjacent network may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

An improper access control vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to insufficient permission enforcement in certain internal SOAP Admin Services and System REST APIs. A low-privileged user may exploit this flaw to perform unauthorized operations, including accessing server-level information. This vulnerability affects only internal administrative interfaces. APIs exposed through the WSO2 API Manager's API Gateway remain unaffected.

Why

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

How

An attacker operating through an adjacent network may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
an adjacent network → Improper Access Control → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Adjacent
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-284 ↗

CWE-284: Improper Access Control. The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVAdjacentAttack vector: The attacker must be on an adjacent or logically close network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
UnauthenticatedCWE-284
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251022Security Bulletin 22 Oct 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 22 Oct 2025, published on 22 October 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-020353複数の WSO2 製品におけるアクセス制御に関する脆弱性

WSO2 API Control Plane、WSO2 API Manager、WSO2 API Manager Analytics 等複数の WSO2 製品には、アクセス制御に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 16 Oct 2025 · Last source change 17 Oct 2025, 16:01 UTC · CWE-284 · Improper Access Control

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-34754
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added remediation: security.docs.wso2.com/WSO2-2025-4503.
    Before
    vendor advisory: security.docs.wso2.com/WSO2-2025-4503
    After
    remediation: security.docs.wso2.com/WSO2-2025-4503 · vendor advisory: security.docs.wso2.com/WSO2-2025-4503
    security.docs.wso2.com ↗
  2. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    < 5.3.0; 5.3.0 < 5.3.0.41; 5.5.0 < 5.5.0.53; 5.6.0 < 5.6.0.75; 5.7.0 < 5.7.0.125; 5.9.0 < 5.9.0.176; 5.10.0 < 5.10.0.359; < 5.2.0 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager: < 5.3.0, 5.3.0 < 5.3.0.41, 5.5.0 < 5.5.0.53, 5.6.0 < 5.6.0.75, 5.7.0 < 5.7.0.125, 5.9.0 < 5.9.0.176, 5.10.0 < 5.10.0.359; WSO2 Identity Server: < 5.2.0, 5.2.0 < 5.2.0.34, 5.3.0 < 5.3.0.36, 5.4.0 < 5.4.0.34, 5.4.1 < 5.4.1.38, 5.5.0 < 5.5.0.52, 5.6.0 < 5.6.0.60, 5.7.0 < 5.7.0.126, 5.8.0 < 5.8.0.110, 5.9.0 < 5.9.0.169, 5.10.0 < 5.10.0.369, 5.11.0 < 5.11.0.413, 6.0.0 < 6.0.0.244, 6.1.0 < 6.1.0.243, 7.0.0 < 7.0.0.118, 7.1.0 < 7.1.0.25; WSO2 Open Banking KM: < 1.4.0, 1.4.0 < 1.4.0.133, 1.5.0 < 1.5.0.123; WSO2 Open Banking IAM: < 2.0.0, 2.0.0 < 2.0.0.409; WSO2 Open Banking AM: < 1.4.0, 1.4.0 < 1.4.0.139, 1.5.0 < 1.5.0.140, 2.0.0 < 2.0.0.389; WSO2 API Manager: < 2.0.0, 2.0.0 < 2.0.0.31, 2.1.0 < 2.1.0.40, 2.2.0 < 2.2.0.59, 2.5.0 < 2.5.0.85, 2.6.0 < 2.6.0.146, 3.0.0 < 3.0.0.176, 3.1.0 < 3.1.0.340, 3.2.0 < 3.2.0.441, 3.2.1 < 3.2.1.61, 4.0.0 < 4.0.0.361, 4.1.0 < 4.1.0.224, 4.2.0 < 4.2.0.162, 4.3.0 < 4.3.0.75, 4.4.0 < 4.4.0.39, 4.5.0 < 4.5.0.23; WSO2 Identity Server Analytics: < 5.2.0, 5.2.0 < 5.2.0.19, 5.3.0 < 5.3.0.17, 5.5.0 < 5.5.0.31, 5.6.0 < 5.6.0.38; API Manager Analytics: < 2.0.0, 2.0.0 < 2.0.0.14, 2.1.0 < 2.1.0.19, 2.2.0 < 2.2.0.30, 2.5.0 < 2.5.0.39; WSO2 Enterprise Integrator: < 6.2.0, 6.2.0 < 6.2.0.62, 6.3.0 < 6.3.0.70; WSO2 Enterprise Service Bus Analytics: < 5.0.0, 5.0.0 < 5.0.0.13; WSO2 Data Analytics Server: < 3.1.0, 3.1.0 < 3.1.0.20, 3.2.0 < 3.2.0.33; WSO2 Enterprise Mobility Manager: < 2.2.0, 2.2.0 < 2.2.0.28; WSO2 Universal Gateway: 4.5.0 < 4.5.0.22; WSO2 API Control Plane: 4.5.0 < 4.5.0.24; WSO2 Traffic Manager: 4.5.0 < 4.5.0.22; org.wso2.carbon.extension.identity.authenticator.outbound.totp:org.wso2.carbon.extension.identity.authenticator.totp.connector: 2.0.10 < 2.0.10.1, 2.0.15 < 2.0.15.1, 2.0.21 < 2.0.21.1, 2.0.22 < 2.0.22.1, 2.1.12 < 2.1.12.1, 2.1 < 2.1.1972, 2.2 < 2.2.24, 2.2 < 2.2.25, 3.1.0 < 3.1.0.74, 3.3.6 < 3.3.6.7, 3.3.26 < 3.3.26.2, 3.3.35 < 3.3.35.1; org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.rest.api.util: 6.7.206 < 6.7.206.567, 6.7.210 < 6.7.210.63, 9.0.174 < 9.0.174.522, 9.20.74 < 9.20.74.379, 9.28.116 < 9.28.116.360, 9.29.120 < 9.29.120.184, 9.30.67 < 9.30.67.109, 9.31.86 < 9.31.86.71; org.wso2.carbon:org.wso2.carbon.base: 4.4.7 < 4.4.7.6, 4.4.9 < 4.4.9.11, 4.4.11 < 4.4.11.9, 4.4.26 < 4.4.26.12, 4.4.35 < 4.4.35.44, 4.5.1 < 4.5.1.43, 4.6.0 < 4.6.0.1990, 4.6.1 < 4.6.1.149, 4.6.2 < 4.6.2.667, 4.6.3 < 4.6.3.36, 4.6.4 < 4.6.4.14, 4.7.1 < 4.7.1.68, 4.8.1 < 4.8.1.39, 4.9.0 < 4.9.0.99, 4.9.26 < 4.9.26.25, 4.9.27 < 4.9.27.10, 4.9.28 < 4.9.28.11, 4.10.9 < 4.10.9.66, 4.10.42 < 4.10.42.9, 4.9 < 4.9.29, 4.10 < 4.10.94; org.wso2.carbon.identity.framework:org.wso2.carbon.identity.application.mgt: 5.2.0 < 5.2.0.4, 5.2.2 < 5.2.2.21, 5.7.5 < 5.7.5.18, 5.11.148 < 5.11.148.19, 5.11.256 < 5.11.256.21, 5.12.153 < 5.12.153.63, 5.12.387 < 5.12.387.46, 5.14.97 < 5.14.97.89, 5.17.5 < 5.17.5.317, 5.17.118 < 5.17.118.17, 5.18.187 < 5.18.187.309, 5.18.248 < 5.18.248.30, 5.23.8 < 5.23.8.207, 5.24.8 < 5.24.8.23, 5.25.92 < 5.25.92.152, 5.25.705 < 5.25.705.19, 5.25.713 < 5.25.713.9, 5.25.724 < 5.25.724.3, 7.0.78 < 7.0.78.133, 7.8.23 < 7.8.23.47, 5.25 < 5.25.734; org.wso2.carbon:org.wso2.carbon.server.admin: 4.4.7 < 4.4.7.6, 4.4.9 < 4.4.9.11, 4.4.11 < 4.4.11.9, 4.4.26 < 4.4.26.12, 4.4.32 < 4.4.32.16, 4.4.35 < 4.4.35.44, 4.5.1 < 4.5.1.43, 4.6.0 < 4.6.0.1990, 4.6.1 < 4.6.1.149, 4.6.2 < 4.6.2.667, 4.6.3 < 4.6.3.36, 4.6.4 < 4.6.4.14, 4.7.1 < 4.7.1.68, 4.8.1 < 4.8.1.39, 4.9.0 < 4.9.0.99, 4.9.26 < 4.9.26.25, 4.9.27 < 4.9.27.10, 4.9.28 < 4.9.28.11, 4.10.9 < 4.10.9.66, 4.10.42 < 4.10.42.9, 4.9 < 4.9.29, 4.10 < 4.10.94; org.wso2.carbon.identity.workflow.user:org.wso2.carbon.user.mgt.workflow: 5.1.1 < 5.1.1.1, 5.1.2 < 5.1.2.1, 5.1.5 < 5.1.5.1, 5.3.3 < 5.3.3.1, 5.4.0 < 5.4.0.4, 5.4.1 < 5.4.1.5, 5.6.0 < 5.6.0.1 · Fixed: org.wso2.carbon.extension.identity.authenticator.outbound.totp:org.wso2.carbon.extension.identity.authenticator.totp.connector: 3.3.41 ≤ *; org.wso2.carbon.apimgt:org.wso2.carbon.apimgt.rest.api.util: 9.32.133 ≤ *; org.wso2.carbon.identity.framework:org.wso2.carbon.identity.application.mgt: 7.8.489 ≤ *; org.wso2.carbon.identity.workflow.user:org.wso2.carbon.user.mgt.workflow: 5.6.21 ≤ *
    CNA ↗
  3. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    security.docs.wso2.com ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-34754↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-9804 · cve.blacktree.nl