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Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2025-71128High confidence

erspan: Initialize options_len before referencing options.

Linux · Linux

7.5HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
Distribution package intelligence

Ubuntu vendor package status

Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.

11 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Ubuntu releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-aws-6.17Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gcp-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oem-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oracle-6.17Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspi-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-riscvAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-2487

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erspan: Initialize options_len before referencing options. The struct ip_tunnel_info has a flexible array member named options that is protected by a counted_by(options_len) attribute. The compiler will use this information to enforce runtime bounds checking deployed by FORTIFY_SOURCE string helpers. As laid out in the GCC documentation, the counter must be initialized before the first reference to the flexible array member. After scanning through the files that use struct ip_tunnel_info and also refer to options or options_len, it appears the normal case is to use the ip_tunnel_info_opts_set() helper. Said helper would initialize options_len properly before copying data into options, however in the GRE ERSPAN code a partial update is done, preventing the use of the helper function. Before this change the handling of ERSPAN traffic in GRE tunnels would cause a kernel panic when the kernel is compiled with GCC 15+ and having FORTIFY_SOURCE configured: memcpy: detected buffer overflow: 4 byte write of buffer size 0 Call Trace: <IRQ> __fortify_panic+0xd/0xf erspan_rcv.cold+0x68/0x83 ? ip_route_input_slow+0x816/0x9d0 gre_rcv+0x1b2/0x1c0 gre_rcv+0x8e/0x100 ? raw_v4_input+0x2a0/0x2b0 ip_protocol_deliver_rcu+0x1ea/0x210 ip_local_deliver_finish+0x86/0x110 ip_local_deliver+0x65/0x110 ? ip_rcv_finish_core+0xd6/0x360 ip_rcv+0x186/0x1a0 Reported-at: https://launchpad.net/bugs/2129580

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erspan: Initialize options_len before referencing options. The struct ip_tunnel_info has a flexible array member named options that is protected by a counted_by(options_len) attribute. The compiler will use this information to enforce runtime bounds checking deployed by FORTIFY_SOURCE string helpers. As laid out in the GCC documentation, the counter must be initialized before the first reference to the flexible array member. After scanning through the files that use struct ip_tunnel_info and also refer to options or options_len, it appears the normal case is to use the ip_tunnel_info_opts_set() helper. Said helper would initialize options_len properly before copying data into options, however in the GRE ERSPAN code a partial update is done, preventing the use of the helper function. Before this change the handling of ERSPAN traffic in GRE tunnels would cause a kernel panic when the kernel is compiled with GCC 15+ and having FORTIFY_SOURCE configured: memcpy: detected buffer overflow: 4 byte write of buffer size 0 Call Trace: <IRQ> __fortify_panic+0xd/0xf erspan_rcv.cold+0x68/0x83 ? ip_route_input_slow+0x816/0x9d0 gre_rcv+0x1b2/0x1c0 gre_rcv+0x8e/0x100 ? raw_v4_input+0x2a0/0x2b0 ip_protocol_deliver_rcu+0x1ea/0x210 ip_local_deliver_finish+0x86/0x110 ip_local_deliver+0x65/0x110 ? ip_rcv_finish_core+0xd6/0x360 ip_rcv+0x186/0x1a0 Reported-at: https://launchpad.net/bugs/2129580

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erspan: Initialize options_len before referencing options. The struct ip_tunnel_info has a flexible array member named options that is protected by a counted_by(options_len) attribute. The compiler will use this information to enforce runtime bounds checking deployed by FORTIFY_SOURCE string helpers. As laid out in the GCC documentation, the counter must be initialized before the first reference to the flexible array member. After scanning through the files that use struct ip_tunnel_info and also refer to options or options_len, it appears the normal case is to use the ip_tunnel_info_opts_set() helper. Said helper would initialize options_len properly before copying data into options, however in the GRE ERSPAN code a partial update is done, preventing the use of the helper function. Before this change the handling of ERSPAN traffic in GRE tunnels would cause a kernel panic when the kernel is compiled with GCC 15+ and having FORTIFY_SOURCE configured: memcpy: detected buffer overflow: 4 byte write of buffer size 0 Call Trace: <IRQ> __fortify_panic+0xd/0xf erspan_rcv.cold+0x68/0x83 ? ip_route_input_slow+0x816/0x9d0 gre_rcv+0x1b2/0x1c0 gre_rcv+0x8e/0x100 ? raw_v4_input+0x2a0/0x2b0 ip_protocol_deliver_rcu+0x1ea/0x210 ip_local_deliver_finish+0x86/0x110 ip_local_deliver+0x65/0x110 ? ip_rcv_finish_core+0xd6/0x360 ip_rcv+0x186/0x1a0 Reported-at: https://launchpad.net/bugs/2129580

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → vulnerable operation → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration.
CWE not yet assigned
CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticated
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-0119Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen im Linux Kernel ausnutzen um nicht näher spezifizierte Angriffe durchzuführen, die möglicherweise zu einer Denial-of-Service- Bedingung führen oder eine Speicherbeschädigung verursachen können.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20260121Security Bulletin 21 Jan 2026

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 21 Jan 2026, published on 21 January 2026. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0421Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-71112 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71113 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71113 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71114 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71114 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71116 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71116 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71118 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71118 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71120 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71120 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71121 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71121 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71125 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71125 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71127 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71127 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71128 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71128 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71131 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71131 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71132 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71132 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71133 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71133 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71136 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71136 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71137 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71137 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71147 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71147 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71154 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71154 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71163 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0397Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-71112 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71113 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71113 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71114 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71114 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71116 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71116 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71118 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71118 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71120 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71120 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71121 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71121 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71125 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71125 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71127 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71127 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71128 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71128 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71131 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71131 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71132 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71132 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71133 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71133 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71136 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71136 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71137 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71137 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71147 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71147 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71154 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71154 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71180 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0371Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-71112 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71113 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71113 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71114 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71114 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71116 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71116 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71118 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71118 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71120 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71120 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71121 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71121 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71125 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71125 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71127 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71127 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71128 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71128 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71131 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71131 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71132 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71132 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71133 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71133 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71136 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71136 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71137 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71137 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71147 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71147 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71154 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71154 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71180 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0331Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-71112 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71113 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71113 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71114 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71114 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71116 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71116 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71118 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71118 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71120 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71120 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71121 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71121 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71125 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71125 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71127 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71127 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71128 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71128 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71131 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71131 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71132 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71132 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71133 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71133 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71136 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71136 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71137 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71137 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71147 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71147 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71154 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71154 Référence CVE CVE-2025-71180 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-008651LinuxのLinux Kernelにおける不特定の脆弱性

Linuxカーネルにおいて、erspanのoptionsを参照する前にoptions_lenを初期化していなかった問題が修正されました。struct ip_tunnel_infoにはcounted_by(options_len)属性で保護されたflexible arrayメンバーのoptionsがあり、カウンタはflexible arrayメンバーを最初に参照する前に初期化する必要があります。一般的にはip_tunnel_info_opts_set()ヘルパー関数を使い、optionsにデータをコピーする前にoptions_lenを初期化しますが、GRE ERSPANコードでは部分的な更新が行われ、ヘルパーの使用が妨げられていました。この問題により、GCC 15以降でFORTIFY_SOURCEが有効な環境でカーネルをコンパイルした場合、ERSPANトラフィック処理時にカーネルパニックが発生していました。memcpyによるバッファオーバーフロー検出が原因で、IRQ中の複数関数呼び出しを経てカーネルパニックが発生していました。本問題は適切な初期化により修正されています。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Linux: bb5e62f2d547c4de6d1b144cbce2373a76c33f18 < b282b2a9eed848587c1348abdd5d83fa346a2743, bb5e62f2d547c4de6d1b144cbce2373a76c33f18 < 35ddf66c65eff93fff91406756ba273600bf61a3, 6.15
Fixed
Linux: < 6.15, 6.18.4 ≤ 6.18.*, 6.19 ≤ *
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 14 Jan 2026 · Last source change 5 Aug 2026, 12:12 UTC · CWE not yet assigned

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-2487
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceUnavailable
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Missing structured fields: CWE classification. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-71128 · cve.blacktree.nl