Patch only the product branches with a verified fix
High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:Critical, raised one band.upgradedsince 31 Oct 2025
Evidence used
No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
EPSS is 0.55% for the current model date.
Compensating controls
Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.
Verification
Confirm that the asset runs scrapy scrapy/scrapy and falls inside the recorded affected range.
Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Cross-source reconciliation
Remediation availability differs by product scope
Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
Debian Security Tracker: 2 affected package states with no published fix
Distribution package intelligence
Release-specific package status
Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
5 package states
Package result overrides the generic status
BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 2 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
Distribution release
Source package
Vendor state
Fixed version
Evidence
Debian trixietrixie · source
python-scrapy
Affected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.
These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
1 current
CVE-2025-6176 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product SecurityScrapy: python-scrapy: brotli: Python brotli decompression bomb DoS
4 known affected
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
ansible-automation-platform-tech-preview/automation-dashboard-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
python3x-brotli.src as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
satellite:el8/python-brotli.src as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6
Summary
Scrapy are vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) attack due to a flaw in its brotli decompression implementation. The protection mechanism against decompression bombs fails to mitigate the brotli variant, allowing remote servers to crash clients with less than 80GB of available memory. This occurs because brotli can achieve extremely high compression ratios for zero-filled data, leading to excessive memory consumption during decompression.
Remediation
For OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 see the following documentation, which will be updated shortly for this release, for important instructions on how to upgrade your cluster and fully apply this asynchronous errata update: https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/openshift_container_platform/4.12/html/release_notes You may download the oc tool and use it to inspect release image metadata for x86_64 architecture. The image digest may be found at https://quay.io/repository/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release?tab=tags. The sha value for the release is as follows: (For x86_64 architecture) The image digest is podman pull quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release@sha256:07275faf221c556cca2a816cb48a87bdc25a44ff41f91bb88a232c15bc09165e All OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 users are advised to upgrade to these updated packages and images when they are available in the appropriate release channel. To check for available updates, use the OpenShift CLI (oc) or web console. Instructions for upgrading a cluster are available at https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/openshift_container_platform/4.12/html-single/updating_clusters/index#updating-cluster-within-minor.
Optional official sources
National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.
Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.
Official European source
ENISA European Vulnerability Database
Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.
1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier
EUVD-2025-37237
No EUVD known-exploited evidence
ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.
EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix
High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
Fix availability varies by product
01
What, why and how
Scrapy versions up to 2.13.2 are vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) attack due to a flaw in its brotli decompression implementation. The protection mechanism against decompression bombs fails to mitigate the brotli variant, allowing remote servers to crash clients with less than 80GB of available memory. This occurs because brotli can achieve extremely high compression ratios for zero-filled data, leading to excessive memory consumption during decompression.
What
Scrapy versions up to 2.13.2 are vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) attack due to a flaw in its brotli decompression implementation. The protection mechanism against decompression bombs fails to mitigate the brotli variant, allowing remote servers to crash clients with less than 80GB of available memory. This occurs because brotli can achieve extremely high compression ratios for zero-filled data, leading to excessive memory consumption during decompression.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.
What
Scrapy versions up to 2.13.2 are vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) attack due to a flaw in its brotli decompression implementation. The protection mechanism against decompression bombs fails to mitigate the brotli variant, allowing remote servers to crash clients with less than 80GB of available memory. This occurs because brotli can achieve extremely high compression ratios for zero-filled data, leading to excessive memory consumption during decompression.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No confirmed evidence
No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.Reference recorded
CISA Vulnrichment records proof-of-concept exploitation in its SSVC data. BlackTree has not independently executed or validated exploit material.
Likely attack path
a network path → Uncontrolled Resource Consumption → disrupt the affected service
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness ?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption. The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
CVSS vector ?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedDenial of serviceCWE-400Public exploit reference
A
Official authority intelligence
Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-37237Official EUVD mapping
0 linked advisory records.
Official EUVD record ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-0783IBM QRadar SIEM: Mehrere Schwachstellen
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM QRadar SIEM ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, um Informationen offenzulegen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, um einen Cross-Site Scripting Angriff durchzuführen, und um Dateien zu manipulieren.
Official advisory ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-0008Red Hat Enterprise Linux: Mehrere Schwachstellen
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat Enterprise Linux bezüglich der Komponenten "tar" und "Scrapy" ausnutzen, um Dateien zu manipulieren, und um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen.
Official advisory ↗Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251105Security Bulletin 05 Nov 2025
The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 05 Nov 2025, published on 5 November 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0667Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
Status ?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 31 Oct 2025 · Last source change 31 Oct 2025, 16:21 UTC · CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source ?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-37237
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
unspecified ≤ latest · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
After
unspecified ≤ latest · Fixed: For OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 see the following documentation, which will be updated shortly for this release, for important instructions on how to upgrade your cluster and fully apply this asynchronous errata update: https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/openshift_container_platform/4.12/html/release_notes You may download the oc tool and use it to inspect release image metadata for x86_64 architecture. The image digest may be found at https://quay.io/repository/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release?tab=tags. The sha value for the release is as follows: (For x86_64 architecture) The image digest is podman pull quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release@sha256:07275faf221c556cca2a816cb48a87bdc25a44ff41f91bb88a232c15bc09165e All OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 users are advised to upgrade to these updated packages and images when they are available in the appropriate release channel. To check for available updates, use the OpenShift CLI (oc) or web console. Instructions for upgrading a cluster are available at https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/openshift_container_platform/4.12/html-single/updating_clusters/index#updating-cluster-within-minor.
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
ansible-automation-platform-tech-preview/automation-dashboard-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2; python3x-brotli.src as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2; satellite:el8/python-brotli.src as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6 · Fixed: rhcos-x86_64-412.86.202603041314-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12; python-brotli-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.src as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; python-brotli-debugsource-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; python3.11-brotli-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; python3.11-brotli-debuginfo-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; rhcos-x86_64-413.92.202602240113-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; rhcos-aarch64-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-ppc64le-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-s390x-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-x86_64-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-aarch64-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-ppc64le-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-s390x-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-x86_64-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-aarch64-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-ppc64le-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-s390x-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-x86_64-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-aarch64-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-ppc64le-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-s390x-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-x86_64-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-aarch64-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-ppc64le-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-s390x-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-x86_64-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-aarch64-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; rhcos-ppc64le-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; rhcos-s390x-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; rhcos-x86_64-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; and 703 more
After
ansible-automation-platform-tech-preview/automation-dashboard-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2; python3x-brotli.src as a component of Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2; openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4; satellite:el8/python-brotli.src as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6 · Fixed: rhcos-x86_64-412.86.202603041314-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12; python-brotli-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.src as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; python-brotli-debugsource-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; python3.11-brotli-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; python3.11-brotli-debuginfo-0:1.2.0-0.1.el8pc.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8; rhcos-x86_64-413.92.202602240113-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; rhcos-aarch64-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-ppc64le-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-s390x-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-x86_64-414.92.202602171627-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14; rhcos-aarch64-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-ppc64le-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-s390x-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-x86_64-415.92.202603101737-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15; rhcos-aarch64-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-ppc64le-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-s390x-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-x86_64-416.94.202603112010-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; rhcos-aarch64-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-ppc64le-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-s390x-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-x86_64-417.94.202602251654-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17; rhcos-aarch64-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-ppc64le-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-s390x-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-x86_64-418.94.202602172219-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18; rhcos-aarch64-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; rhcos-ppc64le-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; rhcos-s390x-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; rhcos-x86_64-4.19.9.6.202602252137-0 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19; and 703 more
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.