Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- EPSS is 0.18% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-60010High confidence
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: Device allows login for user with expired password
Juniper Networks · Junos OS
5.3MediumCVSS 4.0
Scheduled
Patch availableMedium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityMedium→Operational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Juniper Networks Junos OS and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available01
What, why and how
A password aging vulnerability in the RADIUS client of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an authenticated, network-based attacker to access the device without enforcing the required password change. Affected devices allow logins by users for whom the RADIUS server has responded with a reject and required the user to change the password as their password was expired. Therefore the policy mandating the password change is not enforced. This does not allow users to login with a wrong password, but only with the correct but expired one. This issue affects: Junos OS: * all versions before 22.4R3-S8, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S4, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S5, * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S1, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R1-S3, 24.4R2; Junos OS Evolved: * all versions before 22.4R3-S8-EVO, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S4-EVO, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S5-EVO, * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S1-EVO, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R1-S3-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO.
What
A password aging vulnerability in the RADIUS client of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an authenticated, network-based attacker to access the device without enforcing the required password change. Affected devices allow logins by users for whom the RADIUS server has responded with a reject and required the user to change the password as their password was expired. Therefore the policy mandating the password change is not enforced. This does not allow users to login with a wrong password, but only with the correct but expired one. This issue affects: Junos OS: * all versions before 22.4R3-S8, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S4, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S5, * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S1, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R1-S3, 24.4R2; Junos OS Evolved: * all versions before 22.4R3-S8-EVO, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S4-EVO, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S5-EVO, * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S1-EVO, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R1-S3-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO.
Why
The product does not have a mechanism in place for managing password aging.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
A password aging vulnerability in the RADIUS client of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an authenticated, network-based attacker to access the device without enforcing the required password change. Affected devices allow logins by users for whom the RADIUS server has responded with a reject and required the user to change the password as their password was expired. Therefore the policy mandating the password change is not enforced. This does not allow users to login with a wrong password, but only with the correct but expired one. This issue affects: Junos OS: * all versions before 22.4R3-S8, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S4, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S5, * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S1, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R1-S3, 24.4R2; Junos OS Evolved: * all versions before 22.4R3-S8-EVO, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S4-EVO, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S5-EVO, * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S1-EVO, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R1-S3-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO.
Why
The product does not have a mechanism in place for managing password aging.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- a network path → Not Using Password Aging → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low: a basic authenticated account is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-262 ↗
CWE-262: Not Using Password Aging. The product does not have a mechanism in place for managing password aging.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/RE:MCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCLowVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.VILowVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.VANoneVulnerable-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Patch available
- Affected
- Fixed
- The following software releases have been updated to resolve this specific issue:
- Junos OS Evolved: 22.4R3-S8-EVO, 23.2R2-S4-EVO, 23.4R2-S5-EVO, 24.2R2-S1-EVO, 24.4R1-S3-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO, 25.2R1-EVO, and all subsequent releases;
- Junos OS: 22.4R3-S8, 23.2R2-S4, 23.4R2-S5, 24.2R2-S1, 24.4R1-S3, 24.4R2, 25.2R1, and all subsequent releases.
- Action
- Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 9 Oct 2025 · Last source change 9 Oct 2025, 19:46 UTC · CWE-262 · Not Using Password Aging
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-33360
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.