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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-60006High confidence

Junos OS Evolved: OS command injection vulnerabilities fixed

Juniper Networks · Junos OS Evolved

4.8MediumCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Low, lowered one band.downgradedsince 26 Feb 2026

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.99% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: No default targetRemediation target: Normal maintenance

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-33362

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Multiple instances of an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved could be used to elevate privileges and/or execute unauthorized commands. When an attacker executes crafted CLI commands, the options are processed via a script in some cases. These scripts are not hardened so injected commands might be executed via the shell, which allows an attacker to perform operations, which they should not be able to do according to their assigned permissions. This issue affects Junos OS Evolved: * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S2-EVO, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R2-EVO. This issue does not affect Junos OS Evolved versions earlier than 24.2R1-EVO.

What

Multiple instances of an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved could be used to elevate privileges and/or execute unauthorized commands. When an attacker executes crafted CLI commands, the options are processed via a script in some cases. These scripts are not hardened so injected commands might be executed via the shell, which allows an attacker to perform operations, which they should not be able to do according to their assigned permissions. This issue affects Junos OS Evolved: * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S2-EVO, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R2-EVO. This issue does not affect Junos OS Evolved versions earlier than 24.2R1-EVO.

Why

Untrusted input is incorporated into an operating-system command without safe parameter handling.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

What

Multiple instances of an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved could be used to elevate privileges and/or execute unauthorized commands. When an attacker executes crafted CLI commands, the options are processed via a script in some cases. These scripts are not hardened so injected commands might be executed via the shell, which allows an attacker to perform operations, which they should not be able to do according to their assigned permissions. This issue affects Junos OS Evolved: * 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S2-EVO, * 24.4 versions before 24.4R2-EVO. This issue does not affect Junos OS Evolved versions earlier than 24.2R1-EVO.

Why

Untrusted input is incorporated into an operating-system command without safe parameter handling.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') → gain additional privileges
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-78 ↗

CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'). The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:Y/RE:M

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCLowVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.VILowVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.VALowVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
Privilege escalationCWE-78
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2238Juniper JUNOS OS, Space, OS Evolved: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Juniper JUNOS ausnutzen, um sich erweiterte Berechtigungen zu verschaffen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand herbeizuführen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder Daten zu manipulieren.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251015Security Bulletin 15 Oct 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 15 Oct 2025, published on 15 October 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0855Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Juniper Networks

ed-ACX7024-ACX7024X-ACX7100-32C-ACX7100-48L-ACX7348-ACX7509-When-specific-valid-multicast-traffic-is-received-on-the-L3-interface-a-vulnerable-device-evo-pfemand-crashes-and-restarts-CVE-2025-59967 Bulletin de sécurité Juniper Networks JSA103157 du 08 octobre 2025 https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-10-Security-Bulletin-Juniper-Security-Director-Insufficient-authorization-for-sensitive-resources-in-web-interface-CVE-2025-59968 Bulletin de sécurité Juniper Networks JSA103163 du 08 octobre 2025 https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-10-Security-Bulletin-Junos-OS-Evolved-Multiple-OS-command-injection-vulnerabilities-fixed-CVE-2025-60006 Bulletin de sécurité Juniper Networks JSA103165 du 08 octobre 2025 https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-10-Security-Bulletin-Junos-OS-and-Junos-OS-Evolved-Specific-BGP-EVPN-update-message-causes-rpd-crash-CVE-2025-60004 Bulletin de sécurité Juniper Networks JSA103167 du 08 octobre 2025 https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-10-Security-Bulletin-Junos-OS-When-a-user-with-the-name-ftp-or-anonymous-is-configured-unauthenticated-filesystem-access-is-allowed-CVE-2025-59980 Bulletin de sécurité Juniper Networks JSA103168 du 08 octobre 2025 https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-10-Security-Bulletin-Junos-OS-and-Juno

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-025174ジュニパーネットワークスのJunos OS EvolvedにおけるOS コマンドインジェクションの脆弱性

Juniper Networks Junos OS EvolvedのCLIにおける複数の不適切な特殊文字の無効化（いわゆるOSコマンドインジェクション）の脆弱性により、権限昇格および／または不正なコマンドの実行が可能になる可能性があります。攻撃者が巧妙に作成したCLIコマンドを実行すると、場合によってはスクリプトを介してオプションが処理されます。これらのスクリプトは十分に保護されておらず、注入されたコマンドがシェルを通じて実行される可能性があるため、攻撃者は割り当てられた権限に基づいて実行してはならない操作を行うことができます。この問題は以下のJuniper Junos OS Evolvedのバージョンに影響を与えます。・24.2R2-S2-EVOより前の24.2バージョン・24.4R2-EVOより前の24.4バージョン。この問題は24.2R1-EVOより以前のJuniper Junos OS Evolvedのバージョンには影響しません。

Official advisory ↗
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0305Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Juniper Networks Junos OS

A vulnerability in Juniper Networks' Junos OS Evolved allows OS command injection through the CLI, affecting versions 24.2 before 24.2R2-S2-EVO and 24.4 before 24.4R2-EVO, leading to potential privilege escalation.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Junos OS Evolved: 24.2 < 24.2R2-S2-EVO, 24.4 < 24.4R2-EVO
Fixed
Junos OS Evolved: < 24.2R1
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 9 Oct 2025 · Last source change 26 Feb 2026, 17:47 UTC · CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-33362
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    24.2 < 24.2R2-S2-EVO; 24.4 < 24.4R2-EVO · Fixed: < 24.2R1
    After
    Junos OS Evolved: 24.2 < 24.2R2-S2-EVO, 24.4 < 24.4R2-EVO · Fixed: Junos OS Evolved: < 24.2R1
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-33362↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-60006 · cve.blacktree.nl