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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-59531High confidence

Unauthenticated argocd-server panic via a malicious Bitbucket-Server webhook payload

argoproj · argo-cd

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-F9GQ-PRRC-HRHC ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

7.5HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:Critical, raised one band.upgradedsince 2 Oct 2025

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 0.59% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs argoproj argo-cd and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Open-source package ranges5 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
gogithub.com/argoproj/argo-cd>= 1.2.0, <= 1.8.7Not statedGitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 23 Oct 2025
gogithub.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v2>= 2.0.0-rc1, <= 2.14.192.14.20GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 23 Oct 2025
gogithub.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3= 3.2.0-rc13.2.0-rc2GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 23 Oct 2025
gogithub.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3>= 3.1.0-rc1, <= 3.1.73.1.8GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 23 Oct 2025
gogithub.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3>= 3.0.0-rc1, <= 3.0.183.0.19GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 23 Oct 2025
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2025-59531 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securityargocd: argocd-server: gitops: Unauthenticated argocd-server panic via a malicious Bitbucket-Server webhook payload
27 fixed

The vendor explicitly identifies these products or versions as containing the fix.

  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel8@sha256:3caf15f8693245181eb1dc3adbf177c3be3095701b4fbb9ab64ec96af345855f_arm64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel8@sha256:989eefed937fc36a100303b24ae8fd4d1a88599a3cd0160cfac77180cc188a3b_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel8@sha256:bdd0a289775ce41a8b495e02626f2e84b39f27d8eab8e351faf13bd46c8bb843_s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel8@sha256:c5a94378fa6de06979845d1dd57ee840d1c1e63bdec31a816ad80703dd677c29_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel9@sha256:400f6dc94a40d30e9bf08a6bbbdb69d03bac59f84c4d66620fa7d99b4b5a96f5_s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel9@sha256:af6a17b989475611cccb8dde3fc4b04c07d83c808a9e36537e04fc220357836c_arm64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel9@sha256:bc2ef6df807856991b716adea85d114c5f61a6ea02d1d3dddc86ddd61bacab76_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel9@sha256:c9d9ee712c5432f2ddf0985665a1ebc1ab8dfa49ddfd4829fd0eea8cb29c745d_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/gitops-operator-bundle@sha256:78dc89a4a9dfb8dcf93224fd9a3caa63ea1551f8da73a88aebb284123d4a2962_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.16
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel8@sha256:12e0ab863663d47e2a483839e000eb8fa624bd5766bf706213db295a0e00815f_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.17
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel8@sha256:4b3765fa97fcf85c39a17e88712fdd1bfa158a8677f714e862d35cadedeeda62_arm64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.17
  • registry.redhat.io/openshift-gitops-1/argocd-rhel8@sha256:99403da3c050737dbda083bb11d413b317fa2cb7143ee4ce0125fb6ad44ca184_s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.17
Summary
A denial of service vulnerability was identified in the Argo CD continuous delivery tool, which is distributed as part of Red Hat GitOps product. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted request to the Application Programming Interface (API) webhook endpoint. This action causes the API server to crash, preventing it from restarting properly. By repeatedly targeting the server, an attacker can cause a complete service outage, making the Argo CD interface unavailable to all users. This vulnerability is only exposed in configurations where a specific webhook secret has not been set.
Remediation
Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-31767

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Argo CD is a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes. Versions 1.2.0 through 1.8.7, 2.0.0-rc1 through 2.14.19, 3.0.0-rc1 through 3.2.0-rc1, 3.1.7 and 3.0.18 are vulnerable to malicious API requests which can crash the API server and cause denial of service to legitimate clients. Without a configured webhook.bitbucketserver.secret, Argo CD's /api/webhook endpoint crashes when receiving a malformed Bitbucket Server payload (non-array repository.links.clone field). A single unauthenticated request triggers CrashLoopBackOff, and targeting all replicas causes complete API outage. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.20, 3.2.0-rc2, 3.1.8 and 3.0.19.

What

Argo CD is a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes. Versions 1.2.0 through 1.8.7, 2.0.0-rc1 through 2.14.19, 3.0.0-rc1 through 3.2.0-rc1, 3.1.7 and 3.0.18 are vulnerable to malicious API requests which can crash the API server and cause denial of service to legitimate clients. Without a configured webhook.bitbucketserver.secret, Argo CD's /api/webhook endpoint crashes when receiving a malformed Bitbucket Server payload (non-array repository.links.clone field). A single unauthenticated request triggers CrashLoopBackOff, and targeting all replicas causes complete API outage. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.20, 3.2.0-rc2, 3.1.8 and 3.0.19.

Why

The product does not properly anticipate or handle exceptional conditions that rarely occur during normal operation of the product.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

What

Argo CD is a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes. Versions 1.2.0 through 1.8.7, 2.0.0-rc1 through 2.14.19, 3.0.0-rc1 through 3.2.0-rc1, 3.1.7 and 3.0.18 are vulnerable to malicious API requests which can crash the API server and cause denial of service to legitimate clients. Without a configured webhook.bitbucketserver.secret, Argo CD's /api/webhook endpoint crashes when receiving a malformed Bitbucket Server payload (non-array repository.links.clone field). A single unauthenticated request triggers CrashLoopBackOff, and targeting all replicas causes complete API outage. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.20, 3.2.0-rc2, 3.1.8 and 3.0.19.

Why

The product does not properly anticipate or handle exceptional conditions that rarely occur during normal operation of the product.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions → disrupt the affected service
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-703 ↗

CWE-703: Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions. The product does not properly anticipate or handle exceptional conditions that rarely occur during normal operation of the product.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedDenial of serviceCWE-703Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2251Red Hat OpenShift GitOps: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat OpenShift GitOps ausnutzen, um Daten zu manipulieren, falsche Informationen darzustellen, oder einen Denial of Service zu verursachen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251008Security Bulletin 08 Oct 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 08 Oct 2025, published on 8 October 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-015429Argo Project Authors の Argo CD における例外的な状況に対する不適切なチェックまたは処理に関する脆弱性

Argo Project Authors の Argo CD には、例外的な状況に対する不適切なチェックまたは処理に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
argo-cd: >= 1.2.0, <= 1.8.7, >= 2.0.0-rc1, < 2.14.20, >= 3.2.0-rc1, < 3.2.0-rc2, >= 3.1.0-rc1, < 3.1.8, >= 3.0.0-rc1, < 3.0.19
Fixed
Action
Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Workaround
A mitigation or workaround reference is available from the source linked below; validate it against the affected product and version.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 1 Oct 2025 · Last source change 2 Oct 2025, 15:54 UTC · CWE-703 · Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-31767
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    >= 1.2.0, <= 1.8.7; >= 2.0.0-rc1, < 2.14.20; >= 3.2.0-rc1, < 3.2.0-rc2; >= 3.1.0-rc1, < 3.1.8; >= 3.0.0-rc1, < 3.0.19 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    >= 1.2.0, <= 1.8.7; >= 2.0.0-rc1, < 2.14.20; >= 3.2.0-rc1, < 3.2.0-rc2; >= 3.1.0-rc1, < 3.1.8; >= 3.0.0-rc1, < 3.0.19 · Fixed: Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-31767↗Red Hat Product Security security advisory↗CISA Vulnrichment SSVC evidence↗Public exploit reference · GitHub GHSA-F9GQ-PRRC-HRHC↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-59531 · cve.blacktree.nl