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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-59288High confidence

Playwright Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft · microsoft/playwright

5.3MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 39 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.23% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Microsoft microsoft/playwright and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 39 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Open-source package ranges2 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
npmplaywright< 1.55.11.55.1GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 24 Oct 2025
npmplaywrightSEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 1.55.11.55.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2025-59288 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securityplaywright: Playwright Spoofing Vulnerability
39 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • mtv-candidate/mtv-console-plugin-rhel9 as a component of Migration Toolkit for Virtualization
  • multicluster-globalhub/multicluster-globalhub-grafana-rhel9 as a component of Multicluster Global Hub
  • openshift-serverless-1/kn-backstage-plugins-eventmesh-rhel8 as a component of OpenShift Serverless
  • rhacm2/acm-grafana-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2
  • org.keycloak-keycloak-parent as a component of Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8
  • org.keycloak-keycloak-parent as a component of Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack
  • rhoai/odh-pipeline-runtime-datascience-cpu-py311-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-pipeline-runtime-datascience-cpu-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-pipeline-runtime-minimal-cpu-py311-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-pipeline-runtime-minimal-cpu-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-pipeline-runtime-pytorch-cuda-py311-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • rhoai/odh-pipeline-runtime-pytorch-cuda-py312-rhel9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
Summary
A certificate verification flaw has been discovered in the npm Playwright package. Certificate validation is disabled for some processes and an attacker who is adjacent on the network could exploit this by spoofing a url and inject code or files into the Playwright execution path.
Remediation
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-34363

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 39 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

Improper verification of cryptographic signature in Github: Playwright allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over an adjacent network.

What

Improper verification of cryptographic signature in Github: Playwright allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over an adjacent network.

Why

The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.

How

An attacker operating through an adjacent network may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Improper verification of cryptographic signature in Github: Playwright allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over an adjacent network.

Why

The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.

How

An attacker operating through an adjacent network may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
an adjacent network → Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Adjacent
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-347 ↗

CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature. The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RC:C

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVAdjacentAttack vector: The attacker must be on an adjacent or logically close network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
UnauthenticatedCWE-347
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251015Security Bulletin 15 Oct 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 15 Oct 2025, published on 15 October 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0882Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Microsoft

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits Microsoft. Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance, une élévation de privilèges et une atteinte à la confidentialité des données.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-017894マイクロソフトの Playwright におけるなりすまされる脆弱性

マイクロソフトの Playwright には、なりすまされる脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-6605MS 10월 보안 위협에 따른 정기 보안 업데이트 권고

CVE-2025-59494 | Azure Monitor 에이전트 권한 상승 취약성 | | Games | CVE-2025-59489 | MITRE: CVE-2025-59489 Unity Gaming Engine Editor 취약성 | | Internet Explorer | CVE-2025-59295 | Windows URL 구문 분석 원격 코드 실행 취약성 | | Windows Taskbar Live | CVE-2025-59294 | Windows 작업 표시줄 실시간 미리 보기 정보 공개 취약성 | | Confidential Azure Container Instances | CVE-2025-59292 | Azure Compute Gallery 권한 상승 취약성 | | Confidential Azure Container Instances | CVE-2025-59291 | 기밀 Azure Container Instances 권한 상승 취약성 | | Windows Bluetooth Service | CVE-2025-59290 | Windows Bluetooth 서비스 권한 상승 취약성 | | Windows Bluetooth Service | CVE-2025-59289 | Windows Bluetooth 서비스 권한 상승 취약성 | | GitHub | CVE-2025-59288 | Playwright 스푸핑 취약성 | | Windows Server Update Service | CVE-2025-59287 | Windows Server 업데이트 서비스(WSUS) 원격 코드 실행 취약성 | | Copilot | CVE-2025-59286 | Copilot 스푸핑 취약성 | | Azure Monitor Agent | CVE-2025-59285 | Azure Monitor 에이전트 권한 상승 취약성 | | Windows NTLM | CVE-2025-59284 | Windows NTLM 스푸핑 취약성 | | Inbox COM Objects | CVE-2025-59282 | Internet Information Services (IIS) Inbox COM Objects (Global Memory) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | | XBox Gaming Services | CVE-2025-59281 | XBox 게임 서비스 권한 상승 취약성 | | Windows SMB Client | CVE-2025-59280 | Windows SMB 클라이언트 변조 취약성 | | Windows Authentication Methods | CVE-2025-59278 | Windows 인증 권한 상승 취약성 |

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 14 Oct 2025 · Last source change 22 Feb 2026, 17:24 UTC · CWE-347 · Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-34363
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceOther authority
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-34363↗Vendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-59288 · cve.blacktree.nl