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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-55298High confidence

ImageMagick Format String Bug in InterpretImageFilename leads to arbitrary code execution

ImageMagick · ImageMagick

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-9CCG-6PJW-X645 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

7.5HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:Critical, raised one band.upgradedsince 3 Nov 2025

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • EPSS is 4.49% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs ImageMagick ImageMagick and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Alpine, Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

6 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · communityimagemagickVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.7.1.2.8-r0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 11 Sep 2026
Debian trixietrixie · sourceimagemagickVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.8:7.1.1.43+dfsg1-1+deb13u2Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourceimagemagickVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.8:6.9.11.60+dfsg-1.6+deb12u4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourceimagemagickVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.8:7.1.2.3+dfsg1-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourceimagemagickVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.8:7.1.2.3+dfsg1-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · esm-appsimagemagickVendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.8:6.9.12.98+dfsg1-5.2ubuntu0.1~esm3Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Open-source package ranges36 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-AnyCPUECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPUECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-arm64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-x64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q16-x86ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q8-AnyCPUECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q8-arm64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q8-x64ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
NuGetMagick.NET-Q8-x86ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 14.8.114.8.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 3 Nov 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-arm64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-x64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q16-x86< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q8-arm64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q8-x64< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
nugetMagick.NET-Q8-x86< 14.8.114.8.1GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 26 Dec 2025
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-25836

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to ImageMagick versions 6.9.13-28 and 7.1.2-2, a format string bug vulnerability exists in InterpretImageFilename function where user input is directly passed to FormatLocaleString without proper sanitization. An attacker can overwrite arbitrary memory regions, enabling a wide range of attacks from heap overflow to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-28 and 7.1.2-2.

What

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to ImageMagick versions 6.9.13-28 and 7.1.2-2, a format string bug vulnerability exists in InterpretImageFilename function where user input is directly passed to FormatLocaleString without proper sanitization. An attacker can overwrite arbitrary memory regions, enabling a wide range of attacks from heap overflow to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-28 and 7.1.2-2.

Why

Any condition where the attacker has the ability to write an arbitrary value to an arbitrary location, often as the result of a buffer overflow.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

What

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to ImageMagick versions 6.9.13-28 and 7.1.2-2, a format string bug vulnerability exists in InterpretImageFilename function where user input is directly passed to FormatLocaleString without proper sanitization. An attacker can overwrite arbitrary memory regions, enabling a wide range of attacks from heap overflow to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-28 and 7.1.2-2.

Why

Any condition where the attacker has the ability to write an arbitrary value to an arbitrary location, often as the result of a buffer overflow.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Write-what-where Condition → execute code or commands in the affected security context
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-123 ↗

CWE-123: Write-what-where Condition. Any condition where the attacker has the ability to write an arbitrary value to an arbitrary location, often as the result of a buffer overflow.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
NetworkRemote code executionCWE-123Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-1906ImageMagick: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in ImageMagick ausnutzen, um einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand zu erzeugen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, erweiterte Berechtigungen zu erlangen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen und andere nicht näher definierte Angriffe durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250828Security Bulletin 27 Aug 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 27 Aug 2025, published on 28 August 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0969Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2025-55004 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55005 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55005 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55154 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55154 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55160 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55160 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55163 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55163 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55193 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55193 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55197 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55197 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55212 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55212 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55248 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55248 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55298 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55298 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55315 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55315 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55551 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55551 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55552 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55552 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55553 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55553 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55554 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55554 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55557 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55557 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55558 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55558 Référence CVE CVE-2025-55560 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-012716ImageMagick における任意の場所に任意の値を書き込み可能な状態に関する脆弱性

ImageMagick には、任意の場所に任意の値を書き込み可能な状態に関する脆弱性、書式文字列に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
ImageMagick: < 7.1.2-2, < 6.9.13-28
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 26 Aug 2025 · Last source change 3 Nov 2025, 18:13 UTC · CWE-123 · Write-what-where Condition

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-25836
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-25836↗CISA Vulnrichment SSVC evidence↗Public exploit reference · GitHub GHSA-9CCG-6PJW-X645↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-55298 · cve.blacktree.nl