Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Published severityMedium→Operational priority:High, raised one band.upgradedsince 30 May 2025
Evidence used
No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
EPSS is 0.29% for the current model date.
Compensating controls
Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.
Verification
Confirm that the asset runs curl curl and falls inside the recorded affected range.
Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Distribution package intelligence
Release-specific package status
Alpine, Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
7 package states
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
Distribution release
Source package
Vendor state
Fixed version
Evidence
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · main
curl
Vendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
The vendor explicitly states that these products are not affected by this CVE.
confidential-compute-attestation-tech-preview/trustee-rhel9 as a component of Confidential Compute Attestation
curl as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
curl.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libcurl as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libcurl-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libcurl-minimal as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
snphost.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
trustee-guest-components.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
curl as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
curl.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libcurl as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libcurl-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Summary
A flaw was found in libcurl. This vulnerability can allow an attacker to connect to an imposter server via HTTP/3 QUIC connections when using the wolfSSL TLS backend, bypassing certificate pinning verification. This issue only affects instances of curl and libcurl using WolfSSL as the backend TLS library.
Remediation
No remediation text is recorded.
Optional official sources
National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.
Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.
Official European source
ENISA European Vulnerability Database
Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.
1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier
EUVD-2025-16332
No EUVD known-exploited evidence
ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.
EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days
Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Fix not verified
01
What, why and how
libcurl supports *pinning* of the server certificate public key for HTTPS transfers. Due to an omission, this check is not performed when connecting with QUIC for HTTP/3, when the TLS backend is wolfSSL. Documentation says the option works with wolfSSL, failing to specify that it does not for QUIC and HTTP/3. Since pinning makes the transfer succeed if the pin is fine, users could unwittingly connect to an impostor server without noticing.
What
libcurl supports *pinning* of the server certificate public key for HTTPS transfers. Due to an omission, this check is not performed when connecting with QUIC for HTTP/3, when the TLS backend is wolfSSL. Documentation says the option works with wolfSSL, failing to specify that it does not for QUIC and HTTP/3. Since pinning makes the transfer succeed if the pin is fine, users could unwittingly connect to an impostor server without noticing.
Why
The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
libcurl supports *pinning* of the server certificate public key for HTTPS transfers. Due to an omission, this check is not performed when connecting with QUIC for HTTP/3, when the TLS backend is wolfSSL. Documentation says the option works with wolfSSL, failing to specify that it does not for QUIC and HTTP/3. Since pinning makes the transfer succeed if the pin is fine, users could unwittingly connect to an impostor server without noticing.
Why
The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No confirmed evidence
No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.Reference recorded
A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.
Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Certificate Validation → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness ?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation. The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
CVSS vector ?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CLowConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ILowIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-16332Official EUVD mapping
0 linked advisory records.
Official EUVD record ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-1151libcurl: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Umgehen von Sicherheitsvorkehrungen
Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in libcurl ausnutzen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.
Official advisory ↗Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250604Security Bulletin 4 June 2025
The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 4 June 2025, published on 4 June 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0218Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0093Multiples vulnérabilités dans Tenable Network Monitor
ord?id=CVE-2025-14017
Référence CVE CVE-2025-14524
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14524
Référence CVE CVE-2025-14819
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14819
Référence CVE CVE-2025-15079
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15079
Référence CVE CVE-2025-15224
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15224
Référence CVE CVE-2025-31498
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-31498
Référence CVE CVE-2025-4947
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4947
Référence CVE CVE-2025-49794
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-49794
Référence CVE CVE-2025-49796
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-49796
Référence CVE CVE-2025-5025
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-5025
Référence CVE CVE-2025-59375
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-59375
Référence CVE CVE-2025-6021
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-6021
Référence CVE CVE-2025-62408
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-62408
Référence CVE CVE-2025-7425
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-7425
Gestion détaillée du document
le 28 janvier 2026
Version initiale
Alertes
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Mentions légales
Conditions générales
À propos
Contact
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service-public.fr
legifrance.gouv.fr
info.gouv.fr
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info.gouv.fr/risques
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Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0010Multiples vulnérabilités dans Curl
De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans Curl. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une atteinte à la confidentialité des données et un contournement de la politique de sécurité.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1057Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0838Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Splunk
De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits Splunk. Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance, une élévation de privilèges et un déni de service à distance.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0621Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Tenable
De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans Tenable Identity Exposure. Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance, un déni de service à distance et une atteinte à l'intégrité des données.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0458Multiples vulnérabilités dans Curl
De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans Curl. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une atteinte à la confidentialité des données et un contournement de la politique de sécurité.
Official advisory ↗JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-010302Haxx の cURL における証明書検証に関する脆弱性
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
Status ?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 28 May 2025 · Last source change 30 May 2025, 16:19 UTC · CWE-295 · Improper Certificate Validation
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCISA ADP
EPSS source ?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-16332
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.