Libssh: use of uninitialized variable in privatekey_from_file()
Unknown · Unknown
3.6LowCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Scheduled
Low technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available
Distribution package intelligence
Ubuntu vendor package status
Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.
1 package state
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
Ubuntu release
Source package
Vendor state
Fixed version
Evidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive
libssh
Vendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
1 current
CVE-2025-4878 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitylibssh: Use of uninitialized variable in privatekey_from_file()
18 known affected
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
libssh as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh-config as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
Summary
A vulnerability was found in libssh, where an uninitialized variable exists under certain conditions in the privatekey_from_file() function. This flaw can be triggered if the file specified by the filename doesn't exist and may lead to possible signing failures or heap corruption.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Optional official sources
National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.
Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.
Official European source
ENISA European Vulnerability Database
Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.
1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier
EUVD-2025-22335
No EUVD known-exploited evidence
A vulnerability was found in libssh, where an uninitialized variable exists under certain conditions in the privatekey_from_file() function. This flaw can be triggered if the file specified by the filename doesn't exist and may lead to possible signing failures or heap corruption.
EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
3.6 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled
Low technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available
01
What, why and how
A vulnerability was found in libssh, where an uninitialized variable exists under certain conditions in the privatekey_from_file() function. This flaw can be triggered if the file specified by the filename doesn't exist and may lead to possible signing failures or heap corruption.
What
A vulnerability was found in libssh, where an uninitialized variable exists under certain conditions in the privatekey_from_file() function. This flaw can be triggered if the file specified by the filename doesn't exist and may lead to possible signing failures or heap corruption.
Why
The program can continue using memory after it has been released, producing unsafe and attacker-influenceable behaviour.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
A vulnerability was found in libssh, where an uninitialized variable exists under certain conditions in the privatekey_from_file() function. This flaw can be triggered if the file specified by the filename doesn't exist and may lead to possible signing failures or heap corruption.
Why
The program can continue using memory after it has been released, producing unsafe and attacker-influenceable behaviour.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No confirmed evidence
No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.None recorded
No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
Likely attack path
local access → Use After Free → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness ?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-416: Use After Free. The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory belongs to the code that operates on the new pointer.
CVSS vector ?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CLowConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ILowIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
CWE-416
A
Official authority intelligence
Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-22335Official EUVD mapping
A vulnerability was found in libssh, where an uninitialized variable exists under certain conditions in the privatekey_from_file() function. This flaw can be triggered if the file specified by the filename doesn't exist and may lead to possible signing failures or heap corruption.
Official EUVD record ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2026-1118Dell PowerProtect Data Domain OS: Mehrere Schwachstellen
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Dell PowerProtect Data Domain OS ausnutzen, um beliebigen Code auszuführen – sogar mit Root-Rechten –, um erweiterte Rechte zu erlangen – einschließlich Administratorrechte –, um Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, um Daten zu manipulieren, um vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder um andere, nicht näher spezifizierte Angriffe durchzuführen.
Official advisory ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-1423libssh: Mehrere Schwachstellen
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in libssh ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen, und potentiell weitere nicht spezifizierte Auswirkungen zu verursachen.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0469Multiples vulnérabilités dans Oracle MySQL
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
Status ?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
libssh as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh-config as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libssh as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
libssh-config as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
libssh-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
libssh.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
Fixed
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)
libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-config-0:0.10.4-18.el9.noarch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)
and 2 more
Action
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 22 Jul 2025 · Last source change 1 Sept 2026, 12:08 UTC · CWE-416 · Use After Free
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source ?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-22335
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled
Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
libssh as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh-config as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libssh-config as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libssh-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libssh.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 · Fixed: libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-config-0:0.10.4-18.el9.noarch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); and 2 more
After
libssh as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh-config as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; libssh2 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh2-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh2-docs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh2.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libssh as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libssh-config as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libssh-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; libssh.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4; openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 · Fixed: libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-devel-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-config-0:0.10.4-18.el9.noarch as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.s390x as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debuginfo-0:0.10.4-18.el9.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.i686 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); libssh-debugsource-0:0.10.4-18.el9.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9); and 2 more
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
CVE-2025-4878: Libssh: use of uninitialized variable in privatekey_from_file() | BlackTree