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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-43390High confidence

A downgrade issue affecting Intel-based Mac computers was addressed with additional code-signing restrictions

Apple · macOS

5.5MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Fix not verified
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-37709

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

A downgrade issue affecting Intel-based Mac computers was addressed with additional code-signing restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1. An app may be able to access user-sensitive data.

What

A downgrade issue affecting Intel-based Mac computers was addressed with additional code-signing restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1. An app may be able to access user-sensitive data.

Why

The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A downgrade issue affecting Intel-based Mac computers was addressed with additional code-signing restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1. An app may be able to access user-sensitive data.

Why

The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
Required interaction required
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-347 ↗

CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature. The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UIRequiredUser interaction: Another user must perform an action for exploitation to succeed.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
UnauthenticatedCWE-347
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-2475Apple macOS: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Apple macOS ausnutzen, um Informationen offenzulegen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen, um Dateien zu manipulieren, und um seine Privilegien zu erhöhen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0961Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Apple

d?id=CVE-2025-43381 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43382 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43382 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43383 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43383 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43384 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43384 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43385 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43385 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43386 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43386 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43387 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43387 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43388 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43388 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43389 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43389 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43390 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43390 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43391 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43391 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43392 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43392 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43393 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43393 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43394 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43394 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43395 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43395 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43396 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43396 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43397 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43397 Référence CVE CVE-2025-43398 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0351Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Apple MacOS

macOS Sequoia 15.7.2 resolves a downgrade issue on Intel-based Mac computers by implementing enhanced code-signing restrictions to protect user-sensitive data.

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
< 15.7.2; < 26.1
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 4 Nov 2025 · Last source change 2 Apr 2026, 18:26 UTC · CWE-347 · Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCISA ADP
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-37709
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-37709↗Vendor advisory↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-43390 · cve.blacktree.nl