Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
- EPSS is 0.19% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-40082High confidence
hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc()
Linux · Linux
7.1HighCVSS 3.1
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix
Fix availability varies by productHigh technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 19 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:Medium, lowered one band.downgradedsince 5 Aug 2026
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Linux Linux and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Remediation availability differs by product scope
Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 19 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
- Canonical Ubuntu Security: 19 affected package states with no published fix
Distribution package intelligence
23 package statesRelease-specific package status
Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
Package result overrides the generic status
BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 19 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
| Distribution release | Source package | Vendor state | Fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian trixietrixie · source | linux | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 6.12.73-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian bookwormbookworm · source | linux | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 6.1.164-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian forkyforky · source | linux | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 6.17.6-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Debian sidsid · source | linux | Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release. | 6.17.6-1 | Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-aws | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-azure | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-azure-fde | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-gcp | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-gke | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-gkeop | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-ibm | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-lowlatency | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-nvidia | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-nvidia-tegra | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-oem-6.11 | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-oracle | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-raspi | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-raspi-realtime | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-realtime | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-riscv | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | linux-xilinx | Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition. | Not published in this feed | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 19 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.
Fix availability varies by product01
What, why and how
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc() BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 Read of size 2 at addr ffff8880289ef218 by task syz.6.248/14290 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 14290 Comm: syz.6.248 Not tainted 6.16.4 #1 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1b0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x5f0 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xca/0x100 mm/kasan/report.c:595 hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 hfsplus_listxattr+0x5b6/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:738 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fe0e9fae16d Code: 02 b8 ff ff ff ff c3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fe0eae67f98 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000c3 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fe0ea205fa0 RCX: 00007fe0e9fae16d RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000200000000000 RBP: 00007fe0ea0480f0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fe0ea206038 R14: 00007fe0ea205fa0 R15: 00007fe0eae48000 </TASK> Allocated by task 14290: kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:47 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4333 [inline] __kmalloc_noprof+0x219/0x540 mm/slub.c:4345 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:909 [inline] hfsplus_find_init+0x95/0x1f0 fs/hfsplus/bfind.c:21 hfsplus_listxattr+0x331/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:697 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f When hfsplus_uni2asc is called from hfsplus_listxattr, it actually passes in a struct hfsplus_attr_unistr*. The size of the corresponding structure is different from that of hfsplus_unistr, so the previous fix (94458781aee6) is insufficient. The pointer on the unicode buffer is still going beyond the allocated memory. This patch introduces two warpper functions hfsplus_uni2asc_xattr_str and hfsplus_uni2asc_str to process two unicode buffers, struct hfsplus_attr_unistr* and struct hfsplus_unistr* respectively. When ustrlen value is bigger than the allocated memory size, the ustrlen value is limited to an safe size.
What
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc() BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 Read of size 2 at addr ffff8880289ef218 by task syz.6.248/14290 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 14290 Comm: syz.6.248 Not tainted 6.16.4 #1 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1b0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x5f0 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xca/0x100 mm/kasan/report.c:595 hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 hfsplus_listxattr+0x5b6/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:738 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fe0e9fae16d Code: 02 b8 ff ff ff ff c3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fe0eae67f98 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000c3 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fe0ea205fa0 RCX: 00007fe0e9fae16d RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000200000000000 RBP: 00007fe0ea0480f0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fe0ea206038 R14: 00007fe0ea205fa0 R15: 00007fe0eae48000 </TASK> Allocated by task 14290: kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:47 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4333 [inline] __kmalloc_noprof+0x219/0x540 mm/slub.c:4345 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:909 [inline] hfsplus_find_init+0x95/0x1f0 fs/hfsplus/bfind.c:21 hfsplus_listxattr+0x331/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:697 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f When hfsplus_uni2asc is called from hfsplus_listxattr, it actually passes in a struct hfsplus_attr_unistr*. The size of the corresponding structure is different from that of hfsplus_unistr, so the previous fix (94458781aee6) is insufficient. The pointer on the unicode buffer is still going beyond the allocated memory. This patch introduces two warpper functions hfsplus_uni2asc_xattr_str and hfsplus_uni2asc_str to process two unicode buffers, struct hfsplus_attr_unistr* and struct hfsplus_unistr* respectively. When ustrlen value is bigger than the allocated memory size, the ustrlen value is limited to an safe size.
Why
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc() BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 Read of size 2 at addr ffff8880289ef218 by task syz.6.248/14290 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 14290 Comm: syz.6.248 Not tainted 6.16.4 #1 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1b0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x5f0 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xca/0x100 mm/kasan/report.c:595 hfsplus_uni2asc+0xa71/0xb90 fs/hfsplus/unicode.c:186 hfsplus_listxattr+0x5b6/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:738 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fe0e9fae16d Code: 02 b8 ff ff ff ff c3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fe0eae67f98 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000c3 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fe0ea205fa0 RCX: 00007fe0e9fae16d RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000200000000000 RBP: 00007fe0ea0480f0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fe0ea206038 R14: 00007fe0ea205fa0 R15: 00007fe0eae48000 </TASK> Allocated by task 14290: kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:47 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4333 [inline] __kmalloc_noprof+0x219/0x540 mm/slub.c:4345 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:909 [inline] hfsplus_find_init+0x95/0x1f0 fs/hfsplus/bfind.c:21 hfsplus_listxattr+0x331/0xbd0 fs/hfsplus/xattr.c:697 vfs_listxattr+0xbe/0x140 fs/xattr.c:493 listxattr+0xee/0x190 fs/xattr.c:924 filename_listxattr fs/xattr.c:958 [inline] path_listxattrat+0x143/0x360 fs/xattr.c:988 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f When hfsplus_uni2asc is called from hfsplus_listxattr, it actually passes in a struct hfsplus_attr_unistr*. The size of the corresponding structure is different from that of hfsplus_unistr, so the previous fix (94458781aee6) is insufficient. The pointer on the unicode buffer is still going beyond the allocated memory. This patch introduces two warpper functions hfsplus_uni2asc_xattr_str and hfsplus_uni2asc_str to process two unicode buffers, struct hfsplus_attr_unistr* and struct hfsplus_unistr* respectively. When ustrlen value is bigger than the allocated memory size, the ustrlen value is limited to an safe size.
Why
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- local access → Out-of-bounds Read → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Local
- Privileges required
- Low: a basic authenticated account is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-125 ↗
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read. The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:HCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Fix availability varies by product
- Action
- Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 28 Oct 2025 · Last source change 5 Aug 2026, 12:07 UTC · CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-36446
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.