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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-39984High confidence

net: tun: Update napi->skb after XDP process

Linux · Linux

…UnscoredAssess manually
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

No CVSS base score is available from the CNA, CISA ADP or NIST. Absence of a score is not evidence of low risk; review the vendor advisory, affected exposure and exploit evidence. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 13 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityUnscoredOperational priority:Needs assessment, manual assessment needed.unscored

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.20% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Linux Linux and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Manual assessmentRemediation target: Manual assessment

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 13 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

17 package states
Package result overrides the generic status

BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 13 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.

Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.12.57-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcelinuxNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.16.10-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.16.10-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-aws-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-fde-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-nvidia-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gcp-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oem-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oracle-6.14Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspi-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-riscvAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2025-39984 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 37 · interimSUSE Product Security TeamCVE-2025-39984
89 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • cluster-md-kmp-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • dlm-kmp-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • gfs2-kmp-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • kernel-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • kernel-default-devel as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • kernel-devel as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • kernel-macros as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • kernel-source as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • ocfs2-kmp-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS
  • cluster-md-kmp-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS
  • dlm-kmp-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS
  • gfs2-kmp-default as component of SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: tun: Update napi->skb after XDP process The syzbot report a UAF issue: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802ef22c18 by task syz.0.17/6079 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6079 Comm: syz.0.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x240 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:595 skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 tun_get_user+0x28cb/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1920 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Allocated by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 unpoison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:330 [inline] __kasan_mempool_unpoison_object+0xa0/0x170 mm/kasan/common.c:558 kasan_mempool_unpoison_object include/linux/kasan.h:388 [inline] napi_skb_cache_get+0x37b/0x6d0 net/core/skbuff.c:295 __alloc_skb+0x11e/0x2d0 net/core/skbuff.c:657 napi_alloc_skb+0x84/0x7d0 net/core/skbuff.c:811 napi_get_frags+0x69/0x140 net/core/gro.c:673 tun_napi_alloc_frags drivers/net/tun.c:1404 [inline] tun_get_user+0x77c/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1784 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x46/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:576 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:243 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x5b/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:275 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2422 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4695 [inline] kmem_cache_free+0x18f/0x400 mm/slub.c:4797 skb_pp_cow_data+0xdd8/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:969 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5390 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5431 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5499 tun_get_user+0x2523/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1872 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f After commit e6d5dbdd20aa ("xdp: add multi-buff support for xdp running in generic mode"), the original skb may be freed in skb_pp_cow_data() when XDP program was attached, which was allocated in tun_napi_alloc_frags(). However, the napi->skb still point to the original skb, update it after XDP process.
Remediation
To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or "zypper patch".
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-34588

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

No CVSS base score is available from the CNA, CISA ADP or NIST. Absence of a score is not evidence of low risk; review the vendor advisory, affected exposure and exploit evidence. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 13 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: tun: Update napi->skb after XDP process The syzbot report a UAF issue: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802ef22c18 by task syz.0.17/6079 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6079 Comm: syz.0.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x240 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:595 skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 tun_get_user+0x28cb/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1920 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f </TASK> Allocated by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 unpoison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:330 [inline] __kasan_mempool_unpoison_object+0xa0/0x170 mm/kasan/common.c:558 kasan_mempool_unpoison_object include/linux/kasan.h:388 [inline] napi_skb_cache_get+0x37b/0x6d0 net/core/skbuff.c:295 __alloc_skb+0x11e/0x2d0 net/core/skbuff.c:657 napi_alloc_skb+0x84/0x7d0 net/core/skbuff.c:811 napi_get_frags+0x69/0x140 net/core/gro.c:673 tun_napi_alloc_frags drivers/net/tun.c:1404 [inline] tun_get_user+0x77c/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1784 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x46/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:576 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:243 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x5b/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:275 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2422 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4695 [inline] kmem_cache_free+0x18f/0x400 mm/slub.c:4797 skb_pp_cow_data+0xdd8/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:969 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5390 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5431 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5499 tun_get_user+0x2523/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1872 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f After commit e6d5dbdd20aa ("xdp: add multi-buff support for xdp running in generic mode"), the original skb may be freed in skb_pp_cow_data() when XDP program was attached, which was allocated in tun_napi_alloc_frags(). However, the napi->skb still point to the original skb, update it after XDP process.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: tun: Update napi->skb after XDP process The syzbot report a UAF issue: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802ef22c18 by task syz.0.17/6079 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6079 Comm: syz.0.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x240 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:595 skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 tun_get_user+0x28cb/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1920 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f </TASK> Allocated by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 unpoison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:330 [inline] __kasan_mempool_unpoison_object+0xa0/0x170 mm/kasan/common.c:558 kasan_mempool_unpoison_object include/linux/kasan.h:388 [inline] napi_skb_cache_get+0x37b/0x6d0 net/core/skbuff.c:295 __alloc_skb+0x11e/0x2d0 net/core/skbuff.c:657 napi_alloc_skb+0x84/0x7d0 net/core/skbuff.c:811 napi_get_frags+0x69/0x140 net/core/gro.c:673 tun_napi_alloc_frags drivers/net/tun.c:1404 [inline] tun_get_user+0x77c/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1784 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x46/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:576 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:243 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x5b/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:275 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2422 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4695 [inline] kmem_cache_free+0x18f/0x400 mm/slub.c:4797 skb_pp_cow_data+0xdd8/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:969 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5390 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5431 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5499 tun_get_user+0x2523/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1872 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f After commit e6d5dbdd20aa ("xdp: add multi-buff support for xdp running in generic mode"), the original skb may be freed in skb_pp_cow_data() when XDP program was attached, which was allocated in tun_napi_alloc_frags(). However, the napi->skb still point to the original skb, update it after XDP process.

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through the affected interface may attempt exploitation when the stated preconditions are met. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: tun: Update napi->skb after XDP process The syzbot report a UAF issue: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802ef22c18 by task syz.0.17/6079 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6079 Comm: syz.0.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x240 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:595 skb_reset_mac_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3150 [inline] napi_frags_skb net/core/gro.c:723 [inline] napi_gro_frags+0x6e/0x1030 net/core/gro.c:758 tun_get_user+0x28cb/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1920 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f </TASK> Allocated by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 unpoison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:330 [inline] __kasan_mempool_unpoison_object+0xa0/0x170 mm/kasan/common.c:558 kasan_mempool_unpoison_object include/linux/kasan.h:388 [inline] napi_skb_cache_get+0x37b/0x6d0 net/core/skbuff.c:295 __alloc_skb+0x11e/0x2d0 net/core/skbuff.c:657 napi_alloc_skb+0x84/0x7d0 net/core/skbuff.c:811 napi_get_frags+0x69/0x140 net/core/gro.c:673 tun_napi_alloc_frags drivers/net/tun.c:1404 [inline] tun_get_user+0x77c/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1784 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 6079: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x46/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:576 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:243 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x5b/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:275 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2422 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4695 [inline] kmem_cache_free+0x18f/0x400 mm/slub.c:4797 skb_pp_cow_data+0xdd8/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:969 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5390 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5431 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5499 tun_get_user+0x2523/0x3e20 drivers/net/tun.c:1872 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1996 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f After commit e6d5dbdd20aa ("xdp: add multi-buff support for xdp running in generic mode"), the original skb may be freed in skb_pp_cow_data() when XDP program was attached, which was allocated in tun_napi_alloc_frags(). However, the napi->skb still point to the original skb, update it after XDP process.

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through the affected interface may attempt exploitation when the stated preconditions are met. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
the affected interface → vulnerable operation → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Unspecified
Privileges required
Not stated in the selected CVSS metric
User interaction
Not stated in the selected CVSS metric
Attack complexity
Not stated in the selected CVSS metric
Security boundary
Not stated in the selected CVSS metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration.
CWE not yet assigned
CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
Not available from the selected scoring authority.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2298Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen im Linux-Kernel ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen, Daten zu manipulieren und andere, nicht näher spezifizierte Angriffe durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251022Security Bulletin 22 Oct 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 22 Oct 2025, published on 22 October 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1132Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Red Hat

d?id=CVE-2025-39697 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39757 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39757 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39817 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39817 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39825 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39825 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39841 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39841 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39883 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39883 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39955 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39955 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39966 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39966 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39984 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39984 Référence CVE CVE-2025-40186 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40186 Gestion détaillée du document le 19 décembre 2025 Version initiale Alertes Avis Bulletins d’actualités Mentions légales Conditions générales À propos Contact cyber.gouv.fr service-public.fr legifrance.gouv.fr info.gouv.fr france.fr info.gouv.fr/risques Premier Ministre / Secrétariat Général de la Défense et de la Sécurité Nationale / Agence nationale de la sécurité des systèmes d'information

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1073Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2025-39969 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39970 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39970 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39971 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39971 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39972 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39972 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39973 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39973 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39978 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39978 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39979 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39979 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39981 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39981 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39982 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39982 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39984 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39984 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39985 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39985 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39986 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39986 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39987 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39987 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39988 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39988 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39991 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39991 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39992 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39992 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39993 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39993 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39994 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1032Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2025-39968 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39969 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39969 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39970 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39970 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39971 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39971 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39972 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39972 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39973 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39973 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39978 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39978 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39981 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39981 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39982 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39982 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39984 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39984 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39985 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39985 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39986 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39986 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39987 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39987 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39988 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39988 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39991 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39991 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39993 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39993 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39994 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39994 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39995 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1009Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2025-39968 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39969 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39969 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39970 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39970 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39971 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39971 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39972 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39972 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39973 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39973 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39978 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39978 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39981 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39981 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39982 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39982 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39984 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39984 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39985 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39985 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39986 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39986 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39987 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39987 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39988 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39988 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39991 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39991 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39993 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39993 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39994 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39994 Référence CVE CVE-2025-39995 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
Fixed
Linux: < 6.9, 6.12.50 ≤ 6.12.*, 6.16.10 ≤ 6.16.*, 6.17 ≤ *
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 15 Oct 2025 · Last source change 11 May 2026, 21:40 UTC · CWE not yet assigned

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceUnavailable
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-34588
Product sourceVendor CSAF · SUSE Product Security Team
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · SUSE Product Security Team
CWE sourceUnavailable
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Missing structured fields: CVSS base score, CWE classification. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-34588↗Vendor CSAF · SUSE Product Security Team↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-39984 · cve.blacktree.nl