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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-3730High confidence

PyTorch LossCTC.cpp torch.nn.functional.ctc_loss denial of service

Unknown · PyTorch

4.8MediumCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.33% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Unknown PyTorch and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

4 package states
Package result overrides the generic status

BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 2 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.

Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcepytorchAffected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcepytorchAffected, no fix publishedDebian currently tracks this release as open.Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcepytorchVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.12.0+dfsg2-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcepytorchVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.12.0+dfsg2-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 7 Oct 2026
Open-source package ranges2 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
PyPItorchECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 2.8.02.8.0OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026
piptorch<= 2.7.12.8.0GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 2 Sep 2025
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-11538

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 2 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in PyTorch 2.6.0. Affected is the function torch.nn.functional.ctc_loss of the file aten/src/ATen/native/LossCTC.cpp. The manipulation leads to denial of service. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment. The name of the patch is 46fc5d8e360127361211cb237d5f9eef0223e567. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The security policy of the project warns to use unknown models which might establish malicious effects.

What

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in PyTorch 2.6.0. Affected is the function torch.nn.functional.ctc_loss of the file aten/src/ATen/native/LossCTC.cpp. The manipulation leads to denial of service. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment. The name of the patch is 46fc5d8e360127361211cb237d5f9eef0223e567. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The security policy of the project warns to use unknown models which might establish malicious effects.

Why

The product does not release or incorrectly releases a resource before it is made available for re-use.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

What

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in PyTorch 2.6.0. Affected is the function torch.nn.functional.ctc_loss of the file aten/src/ATen/native/LossCTC.cpp. The manipulation leads to denial of service. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment. The name of the patch is 46fc5d8e360127361211cb237d5f9eef0223e567. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The security policy of the project warns to use unknown models which might establish malicious effects.

Why

The product does not release or incorrectly releases a resource before it is made available for re-use.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
local access → Improper Resource Shutdown or Release → disrupt the affected service
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-404 ↗

CWE-404: Improper Resource Shutdown or Release. The product does not release or incorrectly releases a resource before it is made available for re-use.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCNoneVulnerable-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VINoneVulnerable-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VALowVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
Denial of serviceCWE-404Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-0839PyTorch: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Denial of Service

Ein lokaler Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in PyTorch ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250430Security Bulletin 30 Apr 2020

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 30 Apr 2020, published on 30 April 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250423Security Bulletin 23 Apr 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 23 Apr 2025, published on 23 April 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250417Security Bulletin 17 April 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 17 April 2025, published on 17 April 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0556Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

ecord?id=CVE-2025-30703 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30704 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30704 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30705 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30705 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30715 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30715 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30721 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30721 Référence CVE CVE-2025-31672 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-31672 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3263 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3263 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3264 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3264 Référence CVE CVE-2025-33042 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-33042 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3730 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3730 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3777 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3777 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3933 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3933 Référence CVE CVE-2025-41242 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-41242 Référence CVE CVE-2025-41248 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-41248 Référence CVE CVE-2025-4138 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4138 Référence CVE CVE-2025-4207 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4207 Référence CVE CVE-2025-4330 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4330 Référence CVE CVE-2025-4435 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-443

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0969Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

VERecord?id=CVE-2025-3262 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3263 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3263 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3264 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3264 Référence CVE CVE-2025-32728 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-32728 Référence CVE CVE-2025-32955 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-32955 Référence CVE CVE-2025-32988 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-32988 Référence CVE CVE-2025-32989 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-32989 Référence CVE CVE-2025-32990 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-32990 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3576 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3576 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3730 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3730 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37750 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37750 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37752 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37752 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37756 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37756 Référence CVE CVE-2025-3777 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3777 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37785 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37785 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37797 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37797 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37798 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37798 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37889 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-005958Linux Foundation の Python 用 pytorch におけるリソースの不適切なシャットダウンおよびリリースに関する脆弱性

Linux Foundation の Python 用 pytorch には、リソースの不適切なシャットダウンおよびリリースに関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
PyTorch: 2.6.0
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 16 Apr 2025 · Last source change 22 May 2025, 21:39 UTC · CWE-404 · Improper Resource Shutdown or Release

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-11538
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-3730 · cve.blacktree.nl