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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-37123High confidence

Authenticated Command Injection leads to Unauthorized Actions in CLI Interface

Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) · HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway

8.8HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.47% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
HPESBNW04943 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 2 · finalHPE Aruba NetworkingAuthenticated Command Injection leads to Unauthorized Actions in CLI Interface
1 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway
Summary
A vulnerability in the command-line interface of HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways could allow an authenticated remote attacker to escalate privileges. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may enable the attacker to execute arbitrary system commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system.
Remediation
HPE Aruba Networking advises customers to upgrade to the following versions to address all vulnerabilities within this advisory, unless otherwise specified in the Details section. These builds and branches will fix all vulnerabilities listed above: - HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN 9.5.4.1 and above - HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN 9.4.4.2 and above The HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Orchestrator software version must be greater than or equal to the ECOS software version running on any HPE Aruba EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. HPE Aruba Networking does not evaluate or patch software versions that have reached their End of Maintenance (EoM) milestone. For more details on HPE Aruba Networking's End-of-Support policy, please visit: https://www.arubanetworks.com/support-services/end-of-life/
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-29661

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

A vulnerability in the command-line interface of HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways could allow an authenticated remote attacker to escalate privileges. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may enable the attacker to execute arbitrary system commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system.

What

A vulnerability in the command-line interface of HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways could allow an authenticated remote attacker to escalate privileges. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may enable the attacker to execute arbitrary system commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system.

Why

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A vulnerability in the command-line interface of HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways could allow an authenticated remote attacker to escalate privileges. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may enable the attacker to execute arbitrary system commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system.

Why

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Privilege Management → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-269 ↗

CWE-269: Improper Privilege Management. The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkCWE-269
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2068Aruba EdgeConnect: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Aruba EdgeConnect ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, um einen Denial-of-Service Angriff durchzuführen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen, und um Informationen offenzulegen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250917SECURITY BULLETIN 17 SEPT 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official SECURITY BULLETIN 17 SEPT 2025, published on 17 September 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0795Multiples vulnérabilités dans HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance, une élévation de privilèges et un déni de service à distance.

Official advisory ↗
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0294Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways

De kwetsbaarheden bevinden zich in de command-line interface en web API van de HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. Deze kwetsbaarheden stellen geauthenticeerde aanvallers in staat om willekeurige systeemcommando's uit te voeren met root-toegang, shell-toegang te verkrijgen, en processen te beëindigen, wat kan leiden tot ongeautoriseerde controle en destabilisatie van de systemen. Dit kan ook resulteren in het uitlekken van gevoelige gegevens en het omzeilen van bestaande firewallbescherming.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway
Fixed
HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway
Action
HPE Aruba Networking advises customers to upgrade to the following versions to address all vulnerabilities within this advisory, unless otherwise specified in the Details section. These builds and branches will fix all vulnerabilities listed above: - HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN 9.5.4.1 and above - HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN 9.4.4.2 and above The HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Orchestrator software version must be greater than or equal to the ECOS software version running on any HPE Aruba EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. HPE Aruba Networking does not evaluate or patch software versions that have reached their End of Maintenance (EoM) milestone. For more details on HPE Aruba Networking's End-of-Support policy, please visit: https://www.arubanetworks.com/support-services/end-of-life/
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 16 Sept 2025 · Last source change 17 Sept 2025, 13:36 UTC · CWE-269 · Improper Privilege Management

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-29661
Product sourceVendor CSAF · HPE Aruba Networking
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · HPE Aruba Networking
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    9.5.0.0 ≤ 9.5.3.6; 9.4.0.0 ≤ 9.4.3.7 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    9.5.0.0 ≤ 9.5.3.6; 9.4.0.0 ≤ 9.4.3.7 · Fixed: HPE Aruba Networking advises customers to upgrade to the following versions to address all vulnerabilities within this advisory, unless otherwise specified in the Details section. These builds and branches will fix all vulnerabilities listed above: - HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN 9.5.4.1 and above - HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN 9.4.4.2 and above The HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Orchestrator software version must be greater than or equal to the ECOS software version running on any HPE Aruba EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. HPE Aruba Networking does not evaluate or patch software versions that have reached their End of Maintenance (EoM) milestone. For more details on HPE Aruba Networking's End-of-Support policy, please visit: https://www.arubanetworks.com/support-services/end-of-life/
    HPE Aruba Networking ↗
  2. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    HPE Aruba Networking ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-29661↗HPE Aruba Networking security advisory↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-37123 · cve.blacktree.nl