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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-30397High confidence

Microsoft Windows Scripting Engine Type Confusion Vulnerability

Microsoft · Windows

7.5HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Mitigate now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2025-06-03 as the remediation due date.

Mitigation available
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-14411

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Microsoft Scripting Engine allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 13 May 2025. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
7.5 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
3 linked advisory records
Explicit mitigation evidence

Only statements that explicitly mention a fix, patch, update, workaround or mitigation are shown here.

  • csaf_ncscnl · NCSC-2025-0159Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Microsoft Windows
Recommended actionMitigate now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2025-06-03 as the remediation due date.

Mitigation available
01

What, why and how

Microsoft Windows Scripting Engine contains a type confusion vulnerability that allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network via a specially crafted URL.

What

Microsoft Windows Scripting Engine contains a type confusion vulnerability that allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network via a specially crafted URL.

Why

The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

What

Microsoft Windows Scripting Engine contains a type confusion vulnerability that allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network via a specially crafted URL.

Why

The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2025-05-13.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') → execute code or commands in the affected security context
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
Required interaction required
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-843 ↗

CWE-843: Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion'). The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UIRequiredUser interaction: Another user must perform an action for exploitation to succeed.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
NetworkUnauthenticatedRemote code executionCWE-843CISA KEVPublic exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-14411Known-exploited evidence recorded

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Microsoft Scripting Engine allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Official EUVD record
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-1050Microsoft Windows Server: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Privilegieneskalation

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer, oder lokaler Angreifer, oder ein Angreifer aus einem angrenzenden Netzwerk kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Microsoft Windows Server, Microsoft Windows Server 2012, Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2, Microsoft Windows 10, Microsoft Windows Server 2016, Microsoft Windows Server 2019, Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Windows Server 2022 und Microsoft Windows 11 ausnutzen, um einen Denial-of-Service auszulösen, Informationen offenzulegen, beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen oder seine Privilegien zu erweitern.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0405Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Windows

e sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-29967 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-29968 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-29969 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-29970 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-29971 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-29974 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-30385 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-30388 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-30394 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-30397 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-30400 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-32701 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-32706 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-32707 du 13 mai 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Windows CVE-2025-32709 du 13 mai 2025 Une gestion de version détaillée se trouve à la fin de ce document. Risques Atteinte à la confidentialité des données Contournement de la politique de sécurité Déni de service à distance Exécution de code arbitraire à distance Élévation de privilèges Systèmes affectés Windows 10 HLK versi

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0159Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Microsoft Windows

Een kwaadwillende kan de kwetsbaarheden misbruiken om aanvallen uit te voeren die kunnen leiden tot de volgende categorieën schade: - Denial-of-Service (DoS) - Omzeilen van een beveiligingsmaatregel - Uitvoer van willekeurige code (root/adminrechten) - Uitvoer van willekeurige code (gebruikersrechten) - Toegang tot systeemgegevens - Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens - Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten ``` Windows Trusted Runtime Interface Driver: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29829 | 5.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows File Server: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29839 | 4.00 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Remote Desktop: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29966 | 8.80 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS): |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29968 | 6.50 | Denial-of-Service | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-32709 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Drivers: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29838 | 7.40 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Kernel: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29974 | 5.70 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-24063 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows DWM: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-30400 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Microsoft Brokering File System: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29970 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Installer: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29837 | 5.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Microsoft Scripting Engine: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-30397 | 7.50 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Hardware Lab Kit: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-27488 | 6.70 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS): |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29959 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-29960 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-29830 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-29832 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-29835 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-29836 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-29958 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | | CVE-2025-29961 | 6.50 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Win32K - GRFX: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-30388 | 7.80 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Role: Windows Hyper-V: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29955 | 6.20 | Denial-of-Service | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Web Threat Defense (WTD.sys): |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29971 | 7.50 | Denial-of-Service | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows NTFS: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-32707 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Remote Desktop Gateway Service: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29967 | 8.80 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | | CVE-2025-30394 | 5.90 | Denial-of-Service | | CVE-2025-26677 | 7.50 | Denial-of-Service | | CVE-2025-29831 | 7.50 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Universal Print Management Service: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29841 | 7.00 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Media: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29964 | 8.80 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | | CVE-2025-29840 | 8.80 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | | CVE-2025-29962 | 8.80 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | | CVE-2025-29963 | 8.80 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Virtual Machine Bus: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29833 | 7.10 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows SMB: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29956 | 5.40 | Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Common Log File System Driver: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-32701 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | | CVE-2025-32706 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | | CVE-2025-30385 | 7.80 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Secure Kernel Mode: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-27468 | 7.00 | Verkrijgen van verhoogde rechten | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Fundamentals: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29969 | 7.50 | Uitvoeren van willekeurige code | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows LDAP - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29954 | 5.90 | Denial-of-Service | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| Windows Deployment Services: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29957 | 6.20 | Denial-of-Service | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| UrlMon: |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-ID | CVSS | Impact | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| | CVE-2025-29842 | 7.50 | Omzeilen van beveiligingsmaatregel | |----------------|------|-------------------------------------| ```

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Mitigation available
Affected
10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.21014; 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.8066; 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.7314; 10.0.19044.0 < 10.0.19044.5854; 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.5854; 10.0.22621.0 < 10.0.22621.5335; 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.5335
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
Apply the mitigation in the linked authoritative guidance while planning the vendor's permanent fix.
Workaround
A mitigation or workaround reference is available from the source linked below; validate it against the affected product and version.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 13 May 2025 · Last source change 26 Feb 2026, 18:28 UTC · CWE-843 · Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-14411
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceOther authority
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →
  1. BlackTree coverageBlackTree article coverage changed from no BlackTree article to 1 BlackTree article.
    Before
    no BlackTree article
    After
    1 BlackTree article
    BlackTree editorial ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Mitigation reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-14411↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Mitigation reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-30397 · cve.blacktree.nl