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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-25257High confidence

Fortinet FortiWeb SQL Injection Vulnerability

Fortinet · FortiWeb

Official source article: Fortinet FG-IR-25-151 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

9.6CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2025-08-08 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityCriticalOperational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • CISA confirms exploitation in the wild.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 99.78% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Fortinet FortiWeb and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-21785

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 18 Jul 2025. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
9.6 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
2 linked advisory records
Explicit mitigation evidence

Only statements that explicitly mention a fix, patch, update, workaround or mitigation are shown here.

  • csaf_ncscnl · NCSC-2025-0226Kwetsbaarheid verholpen in FortiWeb
Recommended actionPatch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2025-08-08 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Fortinet FortiWeb contains a SQL injection vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

What

Fortinet FortiWeb contains a SQL injection vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

Why

Attacker-controlled data is not kept separate from SQL query syntax, allowing the intended database operation to be changed.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Fortinet FortiWeb contains a SQL injection vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

Why

Attacker-controlled data is not kept separate from SQL query syntax, allowing the intended database operation to be changed.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2025-07-18.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-89 ↗

CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'). The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:X/RC:C

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-89CISA KEVPublic exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-21785Known-exploited evidence recorded

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

Official EUVD record ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-1489Fortinet FortiWeb: Schwachstelle ermöglicht SQL Injection

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in Fortinet FortiWeb ausnutzen, um eine SQL Injection durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Canadian Centre for Cyber Security · English · AV25-406Fortinet security advisory (AV25-406) - Update 2

Updated: July 18, 2025 On July 8, 2025, Fortinet published security advisories to address vulnerabilities in multiple products. Included were updates for the following:

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250724Security Bulletin 24 Jul 2025 [701KB]

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 24 Jul 2025 [701KB], published on 24 July 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0575Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Fortinet

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits Fortinet. Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance, une élévation de privilèges et une atteinte à la confidentialité des données.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-010041フォーティネットの Fortiweb における SQL インジェクションの脆弱性

フォーティネットの Fortiweb には、SQL インジェクションの脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-6538Fortinet 제품 보안 업데이트 권고

FortiWeb에서 발생하는 SQL Injection 취약점(CVE-2025-25257) [1][2]

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-6532美 CISA 발표 주요 Exploit 정보공유(Update. 2025-07-18)

Fortinet FortiWeb contains a SQL injection vulnerability that may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized SQL code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

Official advisory ↗
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0226Kwetsbaarheid verholpen in FortiWeb

De kwetsbaarheid stelt niet-geauthenticeerde aanvallers in staat om ongeautoriseerde SQL-commando's uit te voeren door speciaal vervaardigde HTTP-verzoeken te verzenden. Dit kan de integriteit en vertrouwelijkheid van de door FortiWeb beheerde gegevens in gevaar brengen. Voor succesvol misbruik moet de kwaadwillende toegang hebben tot de HTTP Administrative interface. Het is goed gebruik een dergelijke interface niet publiek toegankelijk te hebben, maar af te steunen in een separaat beheer-lan. Onderzoekers hebben een analyse gepubliceerd waarmee mogelijk werkende Proof-of-Concept-code kan worden geschreven. De werking is afhankelijk van de specifieke installatie, waardoor een universele PoC niet eenvoudig is te ontwikkelen. Het NCSC acht een toename in scanverkeer en pogingen tot misbruik wel waarschijnlijk. Hierom adviseert het NCSC om in elk geval de Administrative interface ontoegankelijk te maken vanaf externe netwerken, of deze, conform de door FortiNet geadviseerde mitigerende maatregel uit te schakelen.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
FortiWeb: 7.2.0 ≤ 7.2.10, 7.4.0 ≤ 7.4.7, 7.0.0 ≤ 7.0.10, 7.6.0 ≤ 7.6.3
Fixed
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 17 Jul 2025 · Last source change 26 Feb 2026, 17:50 UTC · CWE-89 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-21785
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added remediation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-25-151.
    Before
    vendor advisory: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-25-151
    After
    remediation: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-25-151 · vendor advisory: fortiguard.fortinet.com/FG-IR-25-151
    psirt@fortinet.com ↗
  2. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    7.6.0 ≤ 7.6.3; 7.4.0 ≤ 7.4.7; 7.2.0 ≤ 7.2.10; 7.0.0 ≤ 7.0.10 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    FortiWeb: 7.6.0 ≤ 7.6.3, 7.4.0 ≤ 7.4.7, 7.2.0 ≤ 7.2.10, 7.0.0 ≤ 7.0.10 · Fixed: Upgrade to FortiWeb version 7.6.4 or above; Upgrade to FortiWeb version 7.4.8 or above; Upgrade to FortiWeb version 7.2.11 or above; Upgrade to FortiWeb version 7.0.11 or above
    CNA ↗
  3. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    psirt@fortinet.com ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-21785↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference · Fortinet FG-IR-25-151↗Public exploit reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-25257 · cve.blacktree.nl