Full vulnerability report · 2025

CVE-2025-22002High confidence

netfs: Call `invalidate_cache` only if implemented

Linux · Linux

5.5MediumCVSS 3.1

Recommended action

Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available

Distribution package intelligence

Ubuntu vendor package status

Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.

21 package states

Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Ubuntu release	Source package	Vendor state	Fixed version	Evidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-aws`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-azure`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-azure-fde`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-azure-nvidia`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-gcp`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-gke`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-gkeop`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-ibm`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-intel`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-lowlatency`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-nvidia`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-nvidia-lowlatency`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-nvidia-tegra`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-oem-6.11`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-oracle`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-raspi`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-raspi-realtime`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-realtime`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-riscv`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive	`linux-xilinx`	Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.	`Not published in this feed`	Canonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current

ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-9598

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state: Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation: Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score: Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence: No linked advisory details stored yet

Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfs: Call `invalidate_cache` only if implemented Many filesystems such as NFS and Ceph do not implement the `invalidate_cache` method. On those filesystems, if writing to the cache (`NETFS_WRITE_TO_CACHE`) fails for some reason, the kernel crashes like this: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 #PF: supervisor instruction fetch in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0010) - not-present page PGD 0 P4D 0 Oops: Oops: 0010 [#1] SMP PTI CPU: 9 UID: 0 PID: 3380 Comm: kworker/u193:11 Not tainted 6.13.3-cm4all1-hp #437 Hardware name: HP ProLiant DL380 Gen9/ProLiant DL380 Gen9, BIOS P89 10/17/2018 Workqueue: events_unbound netfs_write_collection_worker RIP: 0010:0x0 Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0xffffffffffffffd6. RSP: 0018:ffff9b86e2ca7dc0 EFLAGS: 00010202 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 7fffffffffffffff RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: ffff89259d576a18 RDI: ffff89259d576900 RBP: ffff89259d5769b0 R08: ffff9b86e2ca7d28 R09: 0000000000000002 R10: ffff89258ceaca80 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000020 R13: ffff893d158b9338 R14: ffff89259d576900 R15: ffff89259d5769b0 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff893c9fa40000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: ffffffffffffffd6 CR3: 000000054442e003 CR4: 00000000001706f0 Call Trace: <TASK> ? __die+0x1f/0x60 ? page_fault_oops+0x15c/0x460 ? try_to_wake_up+0x2d2/0x530 ? exc_page_fault+0x5e/0x100 ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30 netfs_write_collection_worker+0xe9f/0x12b0 ? xs_poll_check_readable+0x3f/0x80 ? xs_stream_data_receive_workfn+0x8d/0x110 process_one_work+0x134/0x2d0 worker_thread+0x299/0x3a0 ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 kthread+0xba/0xe0 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork+0x30/0x50 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 </TASK> Modules linked in: CR2: 0000000000000000 This patch adds the missing `NULL` check.

What

Why

The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

What

Why

The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation

Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.

No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material

Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.

None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path: local access → NULL Pointer Dereference → disrupt the affected service
Attack surface: Local
Privileges required: Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary: Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness ? CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.: CWE-476 ↗
CWE-476: NULL Pointer Dereference. The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.
CVSS vector ? CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land: The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.

Denial of serviceCWE-476

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-9598Official EUVD mapping

0 linked advisory records.

Official EUVD record ↗

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-0698Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen im Linux-Kernel ausnutzen, um einen 'Denial of Service'-Zustand zu erzeugen oder andere nicht spezifizierte Angriffe durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗

CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0589Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-21992 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21994 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21994 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21995 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21995 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21996 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21996 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21997 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21997 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21998 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21998 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21999 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21999 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22000 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22000 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22001 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22001 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22002 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22002 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22003 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22003 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22004 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22004 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22005 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22005 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22007 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22007 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22008 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22008 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22009 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22009 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22010 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22010 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22011 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗

CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0559Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-21993 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21994 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21994 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21995 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21995 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21996 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21996 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21997 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21997 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21998 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21998 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21999 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21999 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22000 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22000 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22001 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22001 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22002 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22002 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22003 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22003 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22004 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22004 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22005 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22005 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22007 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22007 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22008 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22008 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22009 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22009 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22010 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22010 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22011 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status ? Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.: Patch available
Affected: Linux: 0e0f2dfe880fb19e4b15a7ca468623eb0b4ba586 < 0def1a40c3e76a468f8f66aa572caed44ec37277, 0e0f2dfe880fb19e4b15a7ca468623eb0b4ba586 < c2d5d14a7bcbb045d0cd0095cefe95f2a4b91159, 0e0f2dfe880fb19e4b15a7ca468623eb0b4ba586 < 344b7ef248f420ed4ba3a3539cb0a0fc18df9a6c, 6.8
Fixed: Linux: < 6.8, 6.12.21 ≤ 6.12.*, 6.13.9 ≤ 6.13.*, 6.14 ≤ *
Action: Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround: No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.

Evidence and provenance

Published 3 Apr 2025 · Last source change 11 May 2026, 21:10 UTC · CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2

CVSS sourceNIST NVD

EPSS source

The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.

FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14

European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-9598

Product sourceCNA

Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references

CWE sourceCISA ADP

NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

2025-04-03CVE published

2026-05-11Fixed release or patch reference recorded

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-9598↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗

Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report

CVE: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS: Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS: Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE: Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA: CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP: Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD: National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT: A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC: Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF: Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL: Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.

netfs: Call `invalidate_cache` only if implemented

National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

EUVD-2025-9598

What, why and how

Exploit reality and attack path

Official authority intelligence

Patch and workaround

Evidence and provenance

National CERT insights
?
CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.