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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-21869High confidence

powerpc/code-patching: Disable KASAN report during patching via temporary mm

Linux · Linux

7.8HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 20 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:Medium, lowered one band.downgradedsince 11 May 2026

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.19% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Linux Linux and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 20 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

24 package states
Package result overrides the generic status

BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 20 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.

Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.12.17-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcelinuxNot affectedDebian marks this release not affected (fixed-version marker 0).Not published in this feedDebian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.12.17-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.12.17-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinuxAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-awsAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azureAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-nvidiaAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gcpAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gkeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gkeopAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-ibmAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-intelAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-lowlatencyAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidiaAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-lowlatencyAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-nvidia-tegraAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oem-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oracleAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspiAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspi-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-riscvAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-xilinxAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-8433

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 20 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/code-patching: Disable KASAN report during patching via temporary mm Erhard reports the following KASAN hit on Talos II (power9) with kernel 6.13: [ 12.028126] ================================================================== [ 12.028198] BUG: KASAN: user-memory-access in copy_to_kernel_nofault+0x8c/0x1a0 [ 12.028260] Write of size 8 at addr 0000187e458f2000 by task systemd/1 [ 12.028346] CPU: 87 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Tainted: G T 6.13.0-P9-dirty #3 [ 12.028408] Tainted: [T]=RANDSTRUCT [ 12.028446] Hardware name: T2P9D01 REV 1.01 POWER9 0x4e1202 opal:skiboot-bc106a0 PowerNV [ 12.028500] Call Trace: [ 12.028536] [c000000008dbf3b0] [c000000001656a48] dump_stack_lvl+0xbc/0x110 (unreliable) [ 12.028609] [c000000008dbf3f0] [c0000000006e2fc8] print_report+0x6b0/0x708 [ 12.028666] [c000000008dbf4e0] [c0000000006e2454] kasan_report+0x164/0x300 [ 12.028725] [c000000008dbf600] [c0000000006e54d4] kasan_check_range+0x314/0x370 [ 12.028784] [c000000008dbf640] [c0000000006e6310] __kasan_check_write+0x20/0x40 [ 12.028842] [c000000008dbf660] [c000000000578e8c] copy_to_kernel_nofault+0x8c/0x1a0 [ 12.028902] [c000000008dbf6a0] [c0000000000acfe4] __patch_instructions+0x194/0x210 [ 12.028965] [c000000008dbf6e0] [c0000000000ade80] patch_instructions+0x150/0x590 [ 12.029026] [c000000008dbf7c0] [c0000000001159bc] bpf_arch_text_copy+0x6c/0xe0 [ 12.029085] [c000000008dbf800] [c000000000424250] bpf_jit_binary_pack_finalize+0x40/0xc0 [ 12.029147] [c000000008dbf830] [c000000000115dec] bpf_int_jit_compile+0x3bc/0x930 [ 12.029206] [c000000008dbf990] [c000000000423720] bpf_prog_select_runtime+0x1f0/0x280 [ 12.029266] [c000000008dbfa00] [c000000000434b18] bpf_prog_load+0xbb8/0x1370 [ 12.029324] [c000000008dbfb70] [c000000000436ebc] __sys_bpf+0x5ac/0x2e00 [ 12.029379] [c000000008dbfd00] [c00000000043a228] sys_bpf+0x28/0x40 [ 12.029435] [c000000008dbfd20] [c000000000038eb4] system_call_exception+0x334/0x610 [ 12.029497] [c000000008dbfe50] [c00000000000c270] system_call_vectored_common+0xf0/0x280 [ 12.029561] --- interrupt: 3000 at 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.029608] NIP: 00003fff82f5cfa8 LR: 00003fff82f5cfa8 CTR: 0000000000000000 [ 12.029660] REGS: c000000008dbfe80 TRAP: 3000 Tainted: G T (6.13.0-P9-dirty) [ 12.029735] MSR: 900000000280f032 <SF,HV,VEC,VSX,EE,PR,FP,ME,IR,DR,RI> CR: 42004848 XER: 00000000 [ 12.029855] IRQMASK: 0 GPR00: 0000000000000169 00003fffdcf789a0 00003fff83067100 0000000000000005 GPR04: 00003fffdcf78a98 0000000000000090 0000000000000000 0000000000000008 GPR08: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 GPR12: 0000000000000000 00003fff836ff7e0 c000000000010678 0000000000000000 GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00003fffdcf78f28 00003fffdcf78f90 GPR20: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00003fffdcf78f80 GPR24: 00003fffdcf78f70 00003fffdcf78d10 00003fff835c7239 00003fffdcf78bd8 GPR28: 00003fffdcf78a98 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 000000011f547580 [ 12.030316] NIP [00003fff82f5cfa8] 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.030361] LR [00003fff82f5cfa8] 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.030405] --- interrupt: 3000 [ 12.030444] ================================================================== Commit c28c15b6d28a ("powerpc/code-patching: Use temporary mm for Radix MMU") is inspired from x86 but unlike x86 is doesn't disable KASAN reports during patching. This wasn't a problem at the begining because __patch_mem() is not instrumented. Commit 465cabc97b42 ("powerpc/code-patching: introduce patch_instructions()") use copy_to_kernel_nofault() to copy several instructions at once. But when using temporary mm the destination is not regular kernel memory but a kind of kernel-like memory located in user address space. ---truncated---

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/code-patching: Disable KASAN report during patching via temporary mm Erhard reports the following KASAN hit on Talos II (power9) with kernel 6.13: [ 12.028126] ================================================================== [ 12.028198] BUG: KASAN: user-memory-access in copy_to_kernel_nofault+0x8c/0x1a0 [ 12.028260] Write of size 8 at addr 0000187e458f2000 by task systemd/1 [ 12.028346] CPU: 87 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Tainted: G T 6.13.0-P9-dirty #3 [ 12.028408] Tainted: [T]=RANDSTRUCT [ 12.028446] Hardware name: T2P9D01 REV 1.01 POWER9 0x4e1202 opal:skiboot-bc106a0 PowerNV [ 12.028500] Call Trace: [ 12.028536] [c000000008dbf3b0] [c000000001656a48] dump_stack_lvl+0xbc/0x110 (unreliable) [ 12.028609] [c000000008dbf3f0] [c0000000006e2fc8] print_report+0x6b0/0x708 [ 12.028666] [c000000008dbf4e0] [c0000000006e2454] kasan_report+0x164/0x300 [ 12.028725] [c000000008dbf600] [c0000000006e54d4] kasan_check_range+0x314/0x370 [ 12.028784] [c000000008dbf640] [c0000000006e6310] __kasan_check_write+0x20/0x40 [ 12.028842] [c000000008dbf660] [c000000000578e8c] copy_to_kernel_nofault+0x8c/0x1a0 [ 12.028902] [c000000008dbf6a0] [c0000000000acfe4] __patch_instructions+0x194/0x210 [ 12.028965] [c000000008dbf6e0] [c0000000000ade80] patch_instructions+0x150/0x590 [ 12.029026] [c000000008dbf7c0] [c0000000001159bc] bpf_arch_text_copy+0x6c/0xe0 [ 12.029085] [c000000008dbf800] [c000000000424250] bpf_jit_binary_pack_finalize+0x40/0xc0 [ 12.029147] [c000000008dbf830] [c000000000115dec] bpf_int_jit_compile+0x3bc/0x930 [ 12.029206] [c000000008dbf990] [c000000000423720] bpf_prog_select_runtime+0x1f0/0x280 [ 12.029266] [c000000008dbfa00] [c000000000434b18] bpf_prog_load+0xbb8/0x1370 [ 12.029324] [c000000008dbfb70] [c000000000436ebc] __sys_bpf+0x5ac/0x2e00 [ 12.029379] [c000000008dbfd00] [c00000000043a228] sys_bpf+0x28/0x40 [ 12.029435] [c000000008dbfd20] [c000000000038eb4] system_call_exception+0x334/0x610 [ 12.029497] [c000000008dbfe50] [c00000000000c270] system_call_vectored_common+0xf0/0x280 [ 12.029561] --- interrupt: 3000 at 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.029608] NIP: 00003fff82f5cfa8 LR: 00003fff82f5cfa8 CTR: 0000000000000000 [ 12.029660] REGS: c000000008dbfe80 TRAP: 3000 Tainted: G T (6.13.0-P9-dirty) [ 12.029735] MSR: 900000000280f032 <SF,HV,VEC,VSX,EE,PR,FP,ME,IR,DR,RI> CR: 42004848 XER: 00000000 [ 12.029855] IRQMASK: 0 GPR00: 0000000000000169 00003fffdcf789a0 00003fff83067100 0000000000000005 GPR04: 00003fffdcf78a98 0000000000000090 0000000000000000 0000000000000008 GPR08: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 GPR12: 0000000000000000 00003fff836ff7e0 c000000000010678 0000000000000000 GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00003fffdcf78f28 00003fffdcf78f90 GPR20: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00003fffdcf78f80 GPR24: 00003fffdcf78f70 00003fffdcf78d10 00003fff835c7239 00003fffdcf78bd8 GPR28: 00003fffdcf78a98 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 000000011f547580 [ 12.030316] NIP [00003fff82f5cfa8] 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.030361] LR [00003fff82f5cfa8] 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.030405] --- interrupt: 3000 [ 12.030444] ================================================================== Commit c28c15b6d28a ("powerpc/code-patching: Use temporary mm for Radix MMU") is inspired from x86 but unlike x86 is doesn't disable KASAN reports during patching. This wasn't a problem at the begining because __patch_mem() is not instrumented. Commit 465cabc97b42 ("powerpc/code-patching: introduce patch_instructions()") use copy_to_kernel_nofault() to copy several instructions at once. But when using temporary mm the destination is not regular kernel memory but a kind of kernel-like memory located in user address space. ---truncated---

Why

A bounds error lets data be written beyond the intended memory region, potentially corrupting control data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/code-patching: Disable KASAN report during patching via temporary mm Erhard reports the following KASAN hit on Talos II (power9) with kernel 6.13: [ 12.028126] ================================================================== [ 12.028198] BUG: KASAN: user-memory-access in copy_to_kernel_nofault+0x8c/0x1a0 [ 12.028260] Write of size 8 at addr 0000187e458f2000 by task systemd/1 [ 12.028346] CPU: 87 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Tainted: G T 6.13.0-P9-dirty #3 [ 12.028408] Tainted: [T]=RANDSTRUCT [ 12.028446] Hardware name: T2P9D01 REV 1.01 POWER9 0x4e1202 opal:skiboot-bc106a0 PowerNV [ 12.028500] Call Trace: [ 12.028536] [c000000008dbf3b0] [c000000001656a48] dump_stack_lvl+0xbc/0x110 (unreliable) [ 12.028609] [c000000008dbf3f0] [c0000000006e2fc8] print_report+0x6b0/0x708 [ 12.028666] [c000000008dbf4e0] [c0000000006e2454] kasan_report+0x164/0x300 [ 12.028725] [c000000008dbf600] [c0000000006e54d4] kasan_check_range+0x314/0x370 [ 12.028784] [c000000008dbf640] [c0000000006e6310] __kasan_check_write+0x20/0x40 [ 12.028842] [c000000008dbf660] [c000000000578e8c] copy_to_kernel_nofault+0x8c/0x1a0 [ 12.028902] [c000000008dbf6a0] [c0000000000acfe4] __patch_instructions+0x194/0x210 [ 12.028965] [c000000008dbf6e0] [c0000000000ade80] patch_instructions+0x150/0x590 [ 12.029026] [c000000008dbf7c0] [c0000000001159bc] bpf_arch_text_copy+0x6c/0xe0 [ 12.029085] [c000000008dbf800] [c000000000424250] bpf_jit_binary_pack_finalize+0x40/0xc0 [ 12.029147] [c000000008dbf830] [c000000000115dec] bpf_int_jit_compile+0x3bc/0x930 [ 12.029206] [c000000008dbf990] [c000000000423720] bpf_prog_select_runtime+0x1f0/0x280 [ 12.029266] [c000000008dbfa00] [c000000000434b18] bpf_prog_load+0xbb8/0x1370 [ 12.029324] [c000000008dbfb70] [c000000000436ebc] __sys_bpf+0x5ac/0x2e00 [ 12.029379] [c000000008dbfd00] [c00000000043a228] sys_bpf+0x28/0x40 [ 12.029435] [c000000008dbfd20] [c000000000038eb4] system_call_exception+0x334/0x610 [ 12.029497] [c000000008dbfe50] [c00000000000c270] system_call_vectored_common+0xf0/0x280 [ 12.029561] --- interrupt: 3000 at 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.029608] NIP: 00003fff82f5cfa8 LR: 00003fff82f5cfa8 CTR: 0000000000000000 [ 12.029660] REGS: c000000008dbfe80 TRAP: 3000 Tainted: G T (6.13.0-P9-dirty) [ 12.029735] MSR: 900000000280f032 <SF,HV,VEC,VSX,EE,PR,FP,ME,IR,DR,RI> CR: 42004848 XER: 00000000 [ 12.029855] IRQMASK: 0 GPR00: 0000000000000169 00003fffdcf789a0 00003fff83067100 0000000000000005 GPR04: 00003fffdcf78a98 0000000000000090 0000000000000000 0000000000000008 GPR08: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 GPR12: 0000000000000000 00003fff836ff7e0 c000000000010678 0000000000000000 GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00003fffdcf78f28 00003fffdcf78f90 GPR20: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00003fffdcf78f80 GPR24: 00003fffdcf78f70 00003fffdcf78d10 00003fff835c7239 00003fffdcf78bd8 GPR28: 00003fffdcf78a98 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 000000011f547580 [ 12.030316] NIP [00003fff82f5cfa8] 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.030361] LR [00003fff82f5cfa8] 0x3fff82f5cfa8 [ 12.030405] --- interrupt: 3000 [ 12.030444] ================================================================== Commit c28c15b6d28a ("powerpc/code-patching: Use temporary mm for Radix MMU") is inspired from x86 but unlike x86 is doesn't disable KASAN reports during patching. This wasn't a problem at the begining because __patch_mem() is not instrumented. Commit 465cabc97b42 ("powerpc/code-patching: introduce patch_instructions()") use copy_to_kernel_nofault() to copy several instructions at once. But when using temporary mm the destination is not regular kernel memory but a kind of kernel-like memory located in user address space. ---truncated---

Why

A bounds error lets data be written beyond the intended memory region, potentially corrupting control data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Out-of-bounds Write → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-787 ↗

CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write. The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
CWE-787
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-0649Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Linux Kernel ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen oder nicht spezifizierte Effekte zu erzielen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-1439Dell Secure Connect Gateway: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen nicht spezifizierten Angriff

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Dell Secure Connect Gateway ausnutzen, um einen nicht näher spezifizierten Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20250402Security Bulletin 02 Apr 2025 [1.46 MB]

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 02 Apr 2025 [1.46 MB], published on 2 April 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1057Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2025-21832 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21836 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21836 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21844 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21844 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21847 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21847 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21851 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21851 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21854 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21854 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21856 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21856 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21857 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21857 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21874 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21874 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21876 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21876 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21880 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21880 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21883 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21883 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21884 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21884 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21886 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21886 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21888 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0969Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2025-21858 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21859 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21859 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21861 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21862 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21863 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21863 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21867 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21867 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21868 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21868 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21872 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21872 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21873 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21873 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21875 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21875 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21877 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21877 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21878 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21878 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21880 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0758Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-21858 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21859 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21859 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21861 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21862 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21863 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21863 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21867 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21867 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21868 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21868 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21887 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21887 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22027 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22027 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22062 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22062 Référence CVE CVE-2025-23140 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23140 Référence CVE CVE-2025-23142 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23142 Référence CVE CVE-2025-23144 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0743Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-21858 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21859 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21859 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21861 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21862 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21863 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21863 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21867 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21867 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21868 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21868 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22027 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22027 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22062 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22062 Référence CVE CVE-2025-23140 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23140 Référence CVE CVE-2025-23142 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23142 Référence CVE CVE-2025-23144 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23144 Référence CVE CVE-2025-23145 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0721Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu

d?id=CVE-2025-21858 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21859 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21859 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21861 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21862 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21863 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21863 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21867 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21867 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21868 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21868 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37797 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37797 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37947 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37947 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37948 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37948 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37949 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37949 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37950 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37950 Référence CVE CVE-2025-37951 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0529Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2025-21859 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21861 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21862 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21863 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21863 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21865 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21865 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21867 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21867 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21868 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21868 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21873 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21873 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21875 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21875 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21876 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21876 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21877 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21877 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21878 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21878 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21881 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0509Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2025-21858 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21859 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21859 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21861 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21862 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21863 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21863 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21865 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21865 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21867 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21867 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21873 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21873 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21875 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21875 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21876 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21876 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21877 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21877 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21878 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21878 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21881 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0307Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2025-21856 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21857 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21857 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21858 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21858 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21859 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21859 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21861 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21861 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21862 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21862 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21864 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21864 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21865 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21865 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21876 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21876 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21877 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21877 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21878 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21878 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21883 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21883 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21885 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21885 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21886 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-017867Linux の Linux Kernel における境界外書き込みに関する脆弱性

Linux の Linux Kernel には、境界外書き込みに関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
Linux: 465cabc97b42405eb89380ea6ba8d8b03e4ae1a2 < 5980d4456dd66d1b6505d5ec15048bd87e8775e0, 465cabc97b42405eb89380ea6ba8d8b03e4ae1a2 < ea291447a4031f3dac5c23d55bc83fe833820d84, 465cabc97b42405eb89380ea6ba8d8b03e4ae1a2 < dc9c5166c3cb044f8a001e397195242fd6796eee, 6.7
Fixed
Linux: < 6.7, 6.12.17 ≤ 6.12.*, 6.13.5 ≤ 6.13.*, 6.14 ≤ *
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 27 Mar 2025 · Last source change 11 May 2026, 21:08 UTC · CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-8433
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-8433↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-21869 · cve.blacktree.nl