Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- EPSS is 0.95% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-21523High confidence
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB)
Oracle Corporation · MySQL Server
4.9MediumCVSS 3.1
Scheduled
Patch availableMedium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityMedium→Operational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Oracle Corporation MySQL Server and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Distribution package intelligence
1 package stateRelease-specific package status
ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
| Distribution release | Source package | Vendor state | Fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive | mysql-8.0 | Vendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree. | 8.0.41-0ubuntu0.24.04.1 | Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026 |
Direct vendor intelligence
1 currentAuthoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
CVE-2025-21523 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitymysql: InnoDB unspecified vulnerability (CPU Jan 2025)
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
- mysql8.4 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-errmsg as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-test as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-test-data as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- Summary
- A flaw was found in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS).
- Remediation
- For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available01
What, why and how
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
What
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
Why
The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.
What
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
Why
The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- a network path → Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource → disrupt the affected service
- Attack surface
- Network
- Privileges required
- High: elevated access is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-732 ↗
CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource. The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:HCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRHighPrivileges required: The attacker needs elevated or administrative privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Patch available
- Affected
- mysql8.4 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-common as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-errmsg as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-libs as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-server as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-test as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4-test-data as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- mysql8.4.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- Fixed
- mecab-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.aarch64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.ppc64le (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.s390x (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.src (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.x86_64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debuginfo-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.aarch64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debuginfo-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.ppc64le (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debuginfo-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.s390x (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debuginfo-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.x86_64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debugsource-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.aarch64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debugsource-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.ppc64le (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debugsource-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.s390x (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-debugsource-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.x86_64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-devel-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.aarch64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-devel-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.ppc64le (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-devel-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.s390x (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-devel-0:0.996-2.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.x86_64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.aarch64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.ppc64le (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.s390x (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.src (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.x86_64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-EUCJP-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.aarch64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-EUCJP-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.ppc64le (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-EUCJP-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.s390x (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mecab-ipadic-EUCJP-0:2.7.0.20070801-17.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.x86_64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mysql-0:8.0.41-1.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.aarch64 (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mysql-0:8.0.41-1.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.ppc64le (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mysql-0:8.0.41-1.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.s390x (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- mysql-0:8.0.41-1.module+el8.10.0+22857+7f331edd.src (mysql:8.0) as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)
- and 126 more
- Action
- For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 21 Jan 2025 · Last source change 3 Nov 2025, 20:57 UTC · CWE-732 · Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-2512
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- * ≤ 8.0.40; * ≤ 8.4.3; * ≤ 9.1.0 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- After
- * ≤ 8.0.40; * ≤ 8.4.3; * ≤ 9.1.0 · Fixed: For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.Red Hat Product Security ↗
- Before
- Awaiting fix
- After
- Patch available
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.