Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
- EPSS is 0.07% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-21481High confidence
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in HLOS
Qualcomm, Inc. · Snapdragon
7.8HighCVSS 3.1
Within 7 days
Fix not verifiedHigh technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:Medium, lowered one band.downgradedsince 26 Feb 2026
Compensating controls
- Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Qualcomm, Inc. Snapdragon and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Fix not verified01
What, why and how
Memory corruption while performing private key encryption in trusted application.
What
Memory corruption while performing private key encryption in trusted application.
Why
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
Memory corruption while performing private key encryption in trusted application.
Why
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- local access → Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Local
- Privileges required
- Low: a basic authenticated account is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-120 ↗
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'). The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Fix not verified
- Affected
- Snapdragon: 315 5G IoT Modem, AQT1000, AR8031, AR8035, C-V2X 9150, CSRA6620, CSRA6640, FastConnect 6200, FastConnect 6700, FastConnect 6800, FastConnect 6900, FastConnect 7800, Flight RB5 5G Platform, QAM8255P, QAM8295P, QAM8620P, QAM8650P, QAM8775P, QAMSRV1H, QAMSRV1M, QCA6174A, QCA6391, QCA6420, QCA6421, QCA6426, QCA6430, QCA6431, QCA6436, QCA6574, QCA6574A, QCA6574AU, QCA6584AU, QCA6595, QCA6595AU, QCA6678AQ, QCA6688AQ, QCA6696, QCA6698AQ, QCA6797AQ, QCA8081, QCA8337, QCC710, QCM2290, QCM4290, QCM5430, QCM6125, QCM6490, QCM8550, QCN6024, QCN6224, QCN6274, QCN7606, QCN9024, QCN9074, QCN9274, QCS2290, QCS410, QCS4290, QCS5430, QCS610, QCS6125, QCS6490, QCS8300, QCS8550, QCS9100, QDU1000, QDU1010, QDU1110, QDU1210, QDX1010, QDX1011, QEP8111, QFW7114, QFW7124, QMP1000, QRB5165M, QRB5165N, QRU1032, QRU1052, QRU1062, QSM8250, QSM8350, Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC1 Platform, Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC3 Platform, Robotics RB2 Platform, Robotics RB5 Platform, SA2150P, SA4150P, SA4155P, SA6145P, SA6150P, SA6155, SA6155P, SA7255P, SA7775P, SA8145P, SA8150P, SA8155, SA8155P, SA8195P, SA8255P, SA8295P, SA8530P, SA8540P, SA8620P, SA8650P, SA8770P, SA8775P, SA9000P, SC8180X+SDX55, SC8380XP, SD 675, SD 8 Gen1 5G, SD670, SD675, SD730, SD855, SD865 5G, SD888, SDX55, SDX61, SG4150P, SM4125, SM4635, SM6250, SM6250P, SM6370, SM6650, SM7250P, SM7315, SM7325P, SM7635, SM7675, SM7675P, SM8635, SM8635P, SM8650Q, SM8735, SM8750, SM8750P, Smart Audio 400 Platform, Snapdragon 4 Gen 1 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 460 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 480 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 480+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM4350-AC), Snapdragon 662 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 665 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 670 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 675 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 678 Mobile Platform (SM6150-AC), Snapdragon 680 4G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 685 4G Mobile Platform (SM6225-AD), Snapdragon 690 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 695 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 710 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 720G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 730 Mobile Platform (SM7150-AA), Snapdragon 730G Mobile Platform (SM7150-AB), Snapdragon 732G Mobile Platform (SM7150-AC), Snapdragon 750G 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 765 5G Mobile Platform (SM7250-AA), Snapdragon 765G 5G Mobile Platform (SM7250-AB), Snapdragon 768G 5G Mobile Platform (SM7250-AC), Snapdragon 778G 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 778G+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM7325-AE), Snapdragon 780G 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 782G Mobile Platform (SM7325-AF), Snapdragon 7c Compute Platform (SC7180-AC), Snapdragon 7c Gen 2 Compute Platform (SC7180-AD) "Rennell Pro", Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 Compute, Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 855 Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 855+/860 Mobile Platform (SM8150-AC), Snapdragon 865 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 865+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM8250-AB), Snapdragon 870 5G Mobile Platform (SM8250-AC), Snapdragon 888 5G Mobile Platform, Snapdragon 888+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM8350-AC), Snapdragon 8c Compute Platform (SC8180X-AD) "Poipu Lite", Snapdragon 8c Compute Platform (SC8180XP-AD) "Poipu Lite", Snapdragon 8cx Compute Platform (SC8180X-AA, AB), Snapdragon 8cx Compute Platform (SC8180XP-AC, AF) "Poipu Pro", Snapdragon 8cx Gen 2 5G Compute Platform (SC8180X-AC, AF) "Poipu Pro", Snapdragon 8cx Gen 2 5G Compute Platform (SC8180XP-AA, AB), Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 Compute Platform (SC8280XP-AB, BB), Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF, Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF Gen 2, Snapdragon W5+ Gen 1 Wearable Platform, Snapdragon X35 5G Modem-RF System, Snapdragon X50 5G Modem-RF System, Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System, Snapdragon X62 5G Modem-RF System, Snapdragon X65 5G Modem-RF System, Snapdragon X72 5G Modem-RF System, Snapdragon X75 5G Modem-RF System, Snapdragon XR1 Platform, Snapdragon XR2 5G Platform, Snapdragon XR2+ Gen 1 Platform, Snapdragon Auto 4G Modem, SRV1H, SRV1L, SRV1M, SW510…
- Fixed
- No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- Action
- No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 24 Sept 2025 · Last source change 26 Feb 2026, 17:48 UTC · CWE-120 · Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-31003
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.