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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-1994High confidence

IBM Cognos Command Center code execution

IBM · Cognos Command Center

7.8HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-25811

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

IBM Cognos Command Center 10.2.4.1 and 10.2.5 could allow a local user to execute arbitrary code on the system due to the use of unsafe use of the BinaryFormatter function.

What

IBM Cognos Command Center 10.2.4.1 and 10.2.5 could allow a local user to execute arbitrary code on the system due to the use of unsafe use of the BinaryFormatter function.

Why

The product calls a function that can never be guaranteed to work safely.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

What

IBM Cognos Command Center 10.2.4.1 and 10.2.5 could allow a local user to execute arbitrary code on the system due to the use of unsafe use of the BinaryFormatter function.

Why

The product calls a function that can never be guaranteed to work safely.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Use of Inherently Dangerous Function → execute code or commands in the affected security context
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-242 ↗

CWE-242: Use of Inherently Dangerous Function. The product calls a function that can never be guaranteed to work safely.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
Remote code executionCWE-242
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0746Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-52533 Référence CVE CVE-2024-53920 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-53920 Référence CVE CVE-2024-54661 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-54661 Référence CVE CVE-2024-57980 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57980 Référence CVE CVE-2024-58002 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-58002 Référence CVE CVE-2024-6531 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-6531 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1470 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1470 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1471 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1471 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1494 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1494 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1994 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1994 Référence CVE CVE-2025-20012 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-20012 Référence CVE CVE-2025-20623 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-20623 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21587 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21587 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21905 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21905 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21919 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21919 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21928 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21928 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21991 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21991 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22004 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=C

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0269Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in IBM Cognos Command Center

De kwetsbaarheden in IBM Cognos Command Center stellen kwaadwillenden in staat om klikacties van slachtoffers te kapen door hen te misleiden naar een kwaadaardige website te navigeren. Dit kan leiden tot verdere aanvallen die de integriteit van gebruikersinteracties in gevaar brengen. Daarnaast kunnen lokale gebruikers willekeurige code uitvoeren door een onveilige implementatie van de BinaryFormatter-functie. Ook is er een open redirect-mechanisme aanwezig dat kan worden misbruikt voor phishing-aanvallen, wat kan resulteren in het compromitteren van gevoelige informatie. Het is niet ondenkbaar, dat het misbruiken in keten een kwaadwillende in staat kan stellen om zonder voorafgaande authenticatie willekeurige code uit te voeren met rechten van het slachtoffer en toegang te krijgen tot gevoelige gegevens.

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
10.2.4.1; 10.2.5
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 26 Aug 2025 · Last source change 26 Aug 2025, 17:35 UTC · CWE-242 · Use of Inherently Dangerous Function

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-25811
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-25811↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-1994 · cve.blacktree.nl