BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
← Back to the CVE catalogue
Full vulnerability report · 2026
CVE-2025-14510High confidence

ABB Ability OPTIMAX Authentication Bypass in Single-Sign On

ABB · ABB Ability OPTIMAX

9.2CriticalCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Within 72 hours

Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityCriticalOperational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 0.44% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs ABB ABB Ability OPTIMAX and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
9AKK108472A1331 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 1 · finalABB Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT)CVE-2025-14510
4 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • ABB Ability OPTIMAX 6.1 vers:all/*
  • ABB Ability OPTIMAX 6.2 vers:all/*
  • ABB Ability OPTIMAX 6.3 <6.3.1-251120
  • ABB Ability OPTIMAX 6.4 <6.4.1-251120
Summary
The vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass user authentication on OPTIMAX installations that make use of the Azure Active Directory Single-Sign On integration.
Remediation
The problem is corrected in the following product versions: - ABB Ability OPTIMAX v6.4.1-251120 (see References 9AKK108472A0435) or later - ABB Ability OPTIMAX v6.3.1-251120 (see References 9AKK108472A0437) or later ABB recommends that customers using earlier versions of OPTIMAX v6.4 and OPTIMAX v6.3 apply an update of the operating system at earliest convenience. Customers still using the meanwhile unsupported OPTIMAX v6.2 or v6.1 shall contact ABB to identify the right way forward.
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2026-2948

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 72 hours

Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm vulnerability in ABB ABB Ability OPTIMAX.This issue affects ABB Ability OPTIMAX: 6.1, 6.2, from 6.3.0 before 6.3.1-251120, from 6.4.0 before 6.4.1-251120.

What

Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm vulnerability in ABB ABB Ability OPTIMAX.This issue affects ABB Ability OPTIMAX: 6.1, 6.2, from 6.3.0 before 6.3.1-251120, from 6.4.0 before 6.4.1-251120.

Why

The requirements for the product dictate the use of an established authentication algorithm, but the implementation of the algorithm is incorrect.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm vulnerability in ABB ABB Ability OPTIMAX.This issue affects ABB Ability OPTIMAX: 6.1, 6.2, from 6.3.0 before 6.3.1-251120, from 6.4.0 before 6.4.1-251120.

Why

The requirements for the product dictate the use of an established authentication algorithm, but the implementation of the algorithm is incorrect.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-303 ↗

CWE-303: Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm. The requirements for the product dictate the use of an established authentication algorithm, but the implementation of the algorithm is incorrect.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.ATPresentAttack requirements: A particular deployment or execution condition must be present.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VIHighVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-303
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20260121Security Bulletin 21 Jan 2026

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 21 Jan 2026, published on 21 January 2026. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
Action
The problem is corrected in the following product versions: - ABB Ability OPTIMAX v6.4.1-251120 (see References 9AKK108472A0435) or later - ABB Ability OPTIMAX v6.3.1-251120 (see References 9AKK108472A0437) or later ABB recommends that customers using earlier versions of OPTIMAX v6.4 and OPTIMAX v6.3 apply an update of the operating system at earliest convenience. Customers still using the meanwhile unsupported OPTIMAX v6.2 or v6.1 shall contact ABB to identify the right way forward.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 16 Jan 2026 · Last source change 16 Jan 2026, 14:08 UTC · CWE-303 · Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-2948
Product sourceVendor CSAF · ABB Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT)
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · ABB Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT)
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    6.1; 6.2; 6.3.0 < 6.3.1-251120; 6.4.0 < 6.4.1-251120 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    6.1; 6.2; 6.3.0 < 6.3.1-251120; 6.4.0 < 6.4.1-251120 · Fixed: The problem is corrected in the following product versions: - ABB Ability OPTIMAX v6.4.1-251120 (see References 9AKK108472A0435) or later - ABB Ability OPTIMAX v6.3.1-251120 (see References 9AKK108472A0437) or later ABB recommends that customers using earlier versions of OPTIMAX v6.4 and OPTIMAX v6.3 apply an update of the operating system at earliest convenience. Customers still using the meanwhile unsupported OPTIMAX v6.2 or v6.1 shall contact ABB to identify the right way forward.
    ABB Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) ↗
  2. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    ABB Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) ↗
  3. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added remediation: search.abb.com/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108472A1331&LanguageCode=en&DocumentPartId=&Action=Launch; removed remediation: nvd.nist.gov/CVE-2025-14510.
    Before
    remediation: nvd.nist.gov/CVE-2025-14510
    After
    remediation: search.abb.com/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108472A1331&LanguageCode=en&DocumentPartId=&Action=Launch
    ABB Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-2948↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-14510 · cve.blacktree.nl