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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-1391High confidence

Keycloak-services: improper authorization in keycloak organization mapper allows unauthorized organization claims

Unknown · Unknown

5.4MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2025-1391 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitykeycloak-services: Improper Authorization in Keycloak Organization Mapper Allows Unauthorized Organization Claims
8 fixed

The vendor explicitly identifies these products or versions as containing the fix.

  • rhbk/keycloak-operator-bundle@sha256:d719dbf646d4c66e9fce35418a90bffc6ae4f40bdf7d7c306fb903f6f1bce14f_amd64 as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0
  • rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator@sha256:2cf74d2886063637b9c0bf1fe5d97866b8dcac8aa5c00b064790b8133fef676b_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0
  • rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator@sha256:73097189922c29afdbb6890ebc2b3e276ab6fbfe81bc0d74d0c5268783c1e806_amd64 as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0
  • rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator@sha256:ed9cad42ed11212bf7a8dc7d6afbcc52cd76082f87fae5c0f923dcc70fc1a444_s390x as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0
  • rhbk/keycloak-rhel9@sha256:2cb3de99006ef0d9cf53955880c6eff3dbe5de5e7f9e6ddbb5e5b0bb828789ca_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0
  • rhbk/keycloak-rhel9@sha256:42cf4d4f9576ad1a3b54b10a9f022f9f7ded8f98804da66dad51625c8aa868aa_amd64 as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0
  • rhbk/keycloak-rhel9@sha256:835ced3d703edf1fa55d563e12049b30ef60f4450f0cc4af8e2ff53e34896657_s390x as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0
  • Red Hat Build of Keycloak
Summary
A flaw was found in the Keycloak organization feature, which allows the incorrect assignment of an organization to a user if their username or email matches the organization’s domain pattern. This issue occurs at the mapper level, leading to misrepresentation in tokens. If an application relies on these claims for authorization, it may incorrectly assume a user belongs to an organization they are not a member of, potentially granting unauthorized access or privileges.
Remediation
Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-4583

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

A flaw was found in the Keycloak organization feature, which allows the incorrect assignment of an organization to a user if their username or email matches the organization’s domain pattern. This issue occurs at the mapper level, leading to misrepresentation in tokens. If an application relies on these claims for authorization, it may incorrectly assume a user belongs to an organization they are not a member of, potentially granting unauthorized access or privileges.

What

A flaw was found in the Keycloak organization feature, which allows the incorrect assignment of an organization to a user if their username or email matches the organization’s domain pattern. This issue occurs at the mapper level, leading to misrepresentation in tokens. If an application relies on these claims for authorization, it may incorrectly assume a user belongs to an organization they are not a member of, potentially granting unauthorized access or privileges.

Why

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A flaw was found in the Keycloak organization feature, which allows the incorrect assignment of an organization to a user if their username or email matches the organization’s domain pattern. This issue occurs at the mapper level, leading to misrepresentation in tokens. If an application relies on these claims for authorization, it may incorrectly assume a user belongs to an organization they are not a member of, potentially granting unauthorized access or privileges.

Why

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Access Control → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-284 ↗

CWE-284: Improper Access Control. The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CLowConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ILowIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
NetworkCWE-284
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-0392Keycloak Organization Feature: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Privilegieneskalation

Ein entfernter, authentisierter Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle im Keycloak Organization Feature ausnutzen, um seine Privilegien zu erhöhen.

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
26.0.0 < 26.0.10
Fixed
rhbk/keycloak-operator-bundle@sha256:d719dbf646d4c66e9fce35418a90bffc6ae4f40bdf7d7c306fb903f6f1bce14f_amd64 as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0; rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator@sha256:2cf74d2886063637b9c0bf1fe5d97866b8dcac8aa5c00b064790b8133fef676b_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0; rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator@sha256:73097189922c29afdbb6890ebc2b3e276ab6fbfe81bc0d74d0c5268783c1e806_amd64 as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0; rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator@sha256:ed9cad42ed11212bf7a8dc7d6afbcc52cd76082f87fae5c0f923dcc70fc1a444_s390x as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0; rhbk/keycloak-rhel9@sha256:2cb3de99006ef0d9cf53955880c6eff3dbe5de5e7f9e6ddbb5e5b0bb828789ca_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0; rhbk/keycloak-rhel9@sha256:42cf4d4f9576ad1a3b54b10a9f022f9f7ded8f98804da66dad51625c8aa868aa_amd64 as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0; rhbk/keycloak-rhel9@sha256:835ced3d703edf1fa55d563e12049b30ef60f4450f0cc4af8e2ff53e34896657_s390x as a component of Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0; Red Hat Build of Keycloak
Action
Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 17 Feb 2025 · Last source change 6 May 2026, 16:48 UTC · CWE-284 · Improper Access Control

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-4583
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-4583↗Vendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-1391 · cve.blacktree.nl