BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-12758High confidence

n/a validator — Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements

Unknown · validator

8.7HighCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:Critical, raised one band.upgradedsince 8 Aug 2026

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 0.52% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Unknown validator and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Open-source package ranges2 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
npmvalidator< 13.15.2213.15.22GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 31 Jan 2026
npmvalidatorSEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 13.15.2213.15.22OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-199795

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Versions of the package validator before 13.15.22 are vulnerable to Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements in the isLength() function that does not take into account Unicode variation selectors (\uFE0F, \uFE0E) appearing in a sequence which lead to improper string length calculation. This can lead to an application using isLength for input validation accepting strings significantly longer than intended, resulting in issues like data truncation in databases, buffer overflows in other system components, or denial-of-service.

What

Versions of the package validator before 13.15.22 are vulnerable to Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements in the isLength() function that does not take into account Unicode variation selectors (\uFE0F, \uFE0E) appearing in a sequence which lead to improper string length calculation. This can lead to an application using isLength for input validation accepting strings significantly longer than intended, resulting in issues like data truncation in databases, buffer overflows in other system components, or denial-of-service.

Why

The product receives data from an upstream component, but does not completely filter one or more instances of special elements before sending it to a downstream component.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Versions of the package validator before 13.15.22 are vulnerable to Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements in the isLength() function that does not take into account Unicode variation selectors (\uFE0F, \uFE0E) appearing in a sequence which lead to improper string length calculation. This can lead to an application using isLength for input validation accepting strings significantly longer than intended, resulting in issues like data truncation in databases, buffer overflows in other system components, or denial-of-service.

Why

The product receives data from an upstream component, but does not completely filter one or more instances of special elements before sending it to a downstream component.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-792 ↗

CWE-792: Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements. The product receives data from an upstream component, but does not completely filter one or more instances of special elements before sending it to a downstream component.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCNoneVulnerable-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VINoneVulnerable-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-792Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2903IBM App Connect Enterprise: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Denial of Service

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in IBM App Connect Enterprise ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251203Security Bulletin 03 Dec 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 03 Dec 2025, published on 3 December 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-1165Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-6485 Référence CVE CVE-2024-6763 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-6763 Référence CVE CVE-2024-7254 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-7254 Référence CVE CVE-2024-8184 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-8184 Référence CVE CVE-2024-9823 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-9823 Référence CVE CVE-2025-0915 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-0915 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1000 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1000 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11143 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11143 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11226 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11226 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12758 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12758 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13465 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13465 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13755 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13755 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14813 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14813 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14914 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14914 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14915 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14915 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14917 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14917 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14923 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14923 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1493 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=C

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0958Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ord?id=CVE-2024-29869 Référence CVE CVE-2024-38820 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-38820 Référence CVE CVE-2024-38827 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-38827 Référence CVE CVE-2024-45337 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45337 Référence CVE CVE-2024-52046 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-52046 Référence CVE CVE-2024-6763 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-6763 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11143 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11143 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11187 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11187 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12183 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12183 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12758 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12758 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13465 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13465 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14813 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14813 Référence CVE CVE-2025-15284 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15284 Référence CVE CVE-2025-15468 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15468 Référence CVE CVE-2025-15469 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15469 Référence CVE CVE-2025-21502 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21502 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22228 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22228 Référence CVE CVE-2025-27789 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0667Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ecord?id=CVE-2024-12797 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28102 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28102 Référence CVE CVE-2024-29371 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-29371 Référence CVE CVE-2024-41073 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-41073 Référence CVE CVE-2024-56462 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-56462 Référence CVE CVE-2024-8775 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-8775 Référence CVE CVE-2024-9902 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-9902 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11953 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11953 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12635 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12635 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12758 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12758 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12816 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12816 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13333 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13333 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13465 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13465 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14009 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14009 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14813 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14813 Référence CVE CVE-2025-15284 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15284 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-40252 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0500Multiples vulnérabilités dans VMware Tanzu

ERecord?id=CVE-2024-53382 Référence CVE CVE-2024-56373 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-56373 Référence CVE CVE-2024-57083 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57083 Référence CVE CVE-2024-57699 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57699 Référence CVE CVE-2024-6485 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-6485 Référence CVE CVE-2024-7254 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-7254 Référence CVE CVE-2024-8184 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-8184 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11143 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11143 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11226 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11226 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12758 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12758 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13465 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13465 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1647 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1647 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22227 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22227 Référence CVE CVE-2025-24970 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24970 Référence CVE CVE-2025-25193 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-25193 Référence CVE CVE-2025-26791 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-26791 Référence CVE CVE-2025-27555 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-27555 Référence CVE CVE-2025-27789 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0109Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ecord?id=CVE-2024-47535 Référence CVE CVE-2024-48948 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-48948 Référence CVE CVE-2024-48949 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-48949 Référence CVE CVE-2024-51744 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-51744 Référence CVE CVE-2024-57699 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57699 Référence CVE CVE-2024-57965 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57965 Référence CVE CVE-2024-6763 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-6763 Référence CVE CVE-2024-7348 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-7348 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11083 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11083 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12758 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12758 Référence CVE CVE-2025-14914 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-14914 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22233 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22233 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-24970 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24970 Référence CVE CVE-2025-25193 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-25193 Référence CVE CVE-2025-2534 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-2534 Référence CVE CVE-2025-25977 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1072Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

letin de sécurité IBM 7253432 du 02 décembre 2025 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7253432 Référence CVE CVE-2019-20149 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2019-20149 Référence CVE CVE-2023-39017 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-39017 Référence CVE CVE-2024-12905 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-12905 Référence CVE CVE-2024-45296 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45296 Référence CVE CVE-2024-47764 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-47764 Référence CVE CVE-2024-52798 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-52798 Référence CVE CVE-2024-55565 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-55565 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12758 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12758 Référence CVE CVE-2025-27152 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-27152 Référence CVE CVE-2025-27789 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-27789 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30749 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30749 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30754 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30754 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30761 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30761 Référence CVE CVE-2025-4447 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4447 Référence CVE CVE-2025-46653 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-46653 Référence CVE CVE-2025-47935 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-023948validator projectのvalidatorにおける複数の脆弱性

バージョン13.15.22未満のvalidatorパッケージには、isLength()関数における特殊要素の不完全なフィルタリングの脆弱性があります。この関数では、Unicodeバリエーションセレクタ(\uFE0F、\uFE0E)がシーケンス内に存在する場合を考慮していないため、文字列の長さを正確に計算できません。その結果、isLengthを入力検証に使用しているアプリケーションは、意図したよりも著しく長い文字列を受け入れてしまい、データベースでのデータ切り捨てが発生したり、他のシステムコンポーネントでバッファオーバーフローやサービス拒否(DoS)につながったりする可能性があります。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 27 Nov 2025 · Last source change 8 Aug 2026, 15:25 UTC · CWE-792 · Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-199795
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-12758 · cve.blacktree.nl