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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-12439High confidence

Google Chrome — Inadequate Encryption Strength

Google · Chrome

5.5MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-50796

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

Inappropriate implementation in App-Bound Encryption in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a local attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

What

Inappropriate implementation in App-Bound Encryption in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a local attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Why

The product stores or transmits sensitive data using an encryption scheme that is theoretically sound, but is not strong enough for the level of protection required.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may obtain information outside the intended access boundary.

What

Inappropriate implementation in App-Bound Encryption in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a local attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Why

The product stores or transmits sensitive data using an encryption scheme that is theoretically sound, but is not strong enough for the level of protection required.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may obtain information outside the intended access boundary.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
local access → Inadequate Encryption Strength → obtain information outside the intended access boundary
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
Required interaction required
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-326

CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength. The product stores or transmits sensitive data using an encryption scheme that is theoretically sound, but is not strong enough for the level of protection required.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UIRequiredUser interaction: Another user must perform an action for exploitation to succeed.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
UnauthenticatedCWE-326Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-2445Google Chrome/Microsoft Edge: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Google Chrome/Microsoft Edge ausnutzen, um einen nicht näher spezifizierten Angriff durchzuführen, möglicherweise um beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder Spoofing- oder Cross-Site-Scripting-Angriffe durchzuführen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0281Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Splunk

d?id=CVE-2025-12430 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12431 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12431 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12432 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12432 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12433 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12433 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12434 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12434 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12435 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12435 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12436 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12436 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12437 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12437 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12438 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12438 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12439 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12439 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12440 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12440 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12441 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12441 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12443 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12443 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12444 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12444 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12445 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12445 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12446 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12446 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12447 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12447 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12495 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1004Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Palo Alto Networks

d?id=CVE-2025-12430 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12431 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12431 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12432 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12432 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12433 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12433 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12434 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12434 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12435 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12435 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12436 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12436 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12437 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12437 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12438 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12438 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12439 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12439 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12440 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12440 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12441 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12441 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12443 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12443 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12444 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12444 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12445 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12445 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12446 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12446 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12447 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12447 Référence CVE CVE-2025-4616 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=C

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0955Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Edge

rité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12430 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12431 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12432 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12433 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12434 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12435 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12436 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12437 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12438 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12439 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12440 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12441 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12443 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12444 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12445 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12446 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-12447 du 31 octobre 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft Edge CVE-2025-60711 du 31 octobre 2025 Une gestion de version détaillée se trouve à la fin de ce document. Ri

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0937Multiples vulnérabilités dans Google Chrome

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans Google Chrome. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer un contournement de la politique de sécurité et un problème de sécurité non spécifié par l'éditeur.

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
142.0.7444.59 < 142.0.7444.59
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 10 Nov 2025 · Last source change 10 Nov 2025, 21:02 UTC · CWE-326 · Inadequate Encryption Strength

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCISA ADP
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-50796
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-12439 · cve.blacktree.nl