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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-12194High confidence

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc

Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. · Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS

5.9MediumCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Fix not verified
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.16% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Open-source package ranges4 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
Mavenorg.bouncycastle:bc-fipsECOSYSTEM: introduced 2.1.0; fixed 2.1.22.1.2OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026
Mavenorg.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-lts8onECOSYSTEM: introduced 2.73.0; fixed 2.73.82.73.8OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026
mavenorg.bouncycastle:bc-fips>= 2.1.0, <= 2.1.12.1.2GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 28 Oct 2025
mavenorg.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-lts8on>= 2.73.0, <= 2.73.72.73.8GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 28 Oct 2025
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-35896

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS bc-fips on All (API modules), Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java LTS bcprov-lts8on on All (API modules) allows Excessive Allocation. This vulnerability is associated with program files core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCMSIV.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA224NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA3NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHAKENativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA512NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA384NativeDigest.Java. This issue affects Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS: from 2.1.0 through 2.1.1; Bouncy Castle for Java LTS: from 2.73.0 through 2.73.7.

What

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS bc-fips on All (API modules), Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java LTS bcprov-lts8on on All (API modules) allows Excessive Allocation. This vulnerability is associated with program files core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCMSIV.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA224NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA3NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHAKENativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA512NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA384NativeDigest.Java. This issue affects Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS: from 2.1.0 through 2.1.1; Bouncy Castle for Java LTS: from 2.73.0 through 2.73.7.

Why

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS bc-fips on All (API modules), Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java LTS bcprov-lts8on on All (API modules) allows Excessive Allocation. This vulnerability is associated with program files core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCMSIV.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA224NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA3NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHAKENativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA512NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA384NativeDigest.Java. This issue affects Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS: from 2.1.0 through 2.1.1; Bouncy Castle for Java LTS: from 2.73.0 through 2.73.7.

Why

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Uncontrolled Resource Consumption → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-400 ↗

CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption. The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/S:P/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Amber

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATPresentAttack requirements: A particular deployment or execution condition must be present.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCNoneVulnerable-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VINoneVulnerable-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
UnauthenticatedCWE-400
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2415Bouncy Castle: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Denial of Service

Ein lokaler Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in Bouncy Castle ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251029Security Bulletin 29 Oct 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 29 Oct 2025, published on 29 October 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0424Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ges/node/7268604 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7268649 du 06 avril 2026 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7268649 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7268724 du 07 avril 2026 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7268724 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7268725 du 07 avril 2026 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7268725 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7268726 du 07 avril 2026 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7268726 Référence CVE CVE-2020-10543 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-10543 Référence CVE CVE-2020-10878 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-10878 Référence CVE CVE-2020-12723 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-12723 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12194 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12194 Référence CVE CVE-2025-40909 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40909 Référence CVE CVE-2025-68161 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-68161 Référence CVE CVE-2026-21884 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-21884 Référence CVE CVE-2026-21925 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-21925 Référence CVE CVE-2026-21932 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-21932 Référence CVE CVE-2026-21933 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-21933 Référence CVE CVE-2026-21945 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-21945 Référence CVE CVE-2026-22029 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0218Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

VERecord?id=CVE-2025-1179 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1180 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1180 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1181 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1181 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1182 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1182 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11839 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11839 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11840 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11840 Référence CVE CVE-2025-11966 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11966 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12084 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12084 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12119 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12119 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12194 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12194 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12383 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12383 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12817 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12817 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12818 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12818 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13034 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13034 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13151 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13151 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1352 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1352 Référence CVE CVE-2025-13601 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13601 Référence CVE CVE-2025-1365 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1129Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

ecord?id=CVE-2024-26141 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26146 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26146 Référence CVE CVE-2024-3044 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-3044 Référence CVE CVE-2024-34155 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-34155 Référence CVE CVE-2024-34158 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-34158 Référence CVE CVE-2024-45336 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45336 Référence CVE CVE-2024-45337 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45337 Référence CVE CVE-2024-45341 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45341 Référence CVE CVE-2025-0913 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-0913 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12194 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12194 Référence CVE CVE-2025-12816 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12816 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22866 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22866 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22869 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22869 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22870 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22870 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22871 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22872 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22872 Référence CVE CVE-2025-22874 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22874 Référence CVE CVE-2025-24294 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
  • Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS: 2.1.0 ≤ 2.1.1
  • Bouncy Castle for Java LTS: 2.73.0 ≤ 2.73.7
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 24 Oct 2025 · Last source change 27 Oct 2025, 15:21 UTC · CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-35896
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-35896↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-12194 · cve.blacktree.nl