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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-0282High confidence

Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

Ivanti · Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways

9.0CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2025-01-15 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-1580

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.5, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.2, and Ivanti Neurons for ZTA gateways before version 22.7R2.3 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 8 Jan 2025. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
9.0 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
2 linked advisory records
Explicit mitigation evidence

Only statements that explicitly mention a fix, patch, update, workaround or mitigation are shown here.

  • csaf_ncscnl · NCSC-2025-0005Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Ivanti Connect Secure en Policy Secure
Recommended actionPatch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2025-01-15 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways contain a stack-based buffer overflow which can lead to unauthenticated remote code execution.

What

Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways contain a stack-based buffer overflow which can lead to unauthenticated remote code execution.

Why

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

What

Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways contain a stack-based buffer overflow which can lead to unauthenticated remote code execution.

Why

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2025-01-08. Known ransomware campaign use is recorded.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Stack-based Buffer Overflow → execute code or commands in the affected security context
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-121 ↗

CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow. A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
NetworkUnauthenticatedRemote code executionCWE-121CISA KEVPublic exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-1580Known-exploited evidence recorded

A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.5, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.2, and Ivanti Neurons for ZTA gateways before version 22.7R2.3 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.

Official EUVD record
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-0029Ivanti Connect Secure: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Codeausführung und Privilegienerweiterung

Ein entfernter anonymer oder lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Ivanti Connect Secure und Ivanti Policy Secure ausnutzen, um beliebigen Code auszuführen und erhöhte Rechte zu erlangen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0014Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Ivanti

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits Ivanti. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance et une élévation de privilèges.

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0005Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Ivanti Connect Secure en Policy Secure

De eerste kwetsbaarheid (CVE-2025-0282) kan door kwaadwillenden misbruikt worden om zonder authenticatie op afstand willekeurige code uit te voeren. De tweede kwetsbaarheid (CVE-2025-0283) kan door een lokaal geauthenticeerde kwaadwillende misbruikt worden om de rechten te verhogen. Ivanti geeft aan dat CVE-2025-0282 actief misbruikt word bij gebruikers van Connect Secure. Er is Proof-of-Concept-code beschikbaar. Ivanti adviseert om de interne en externe Integrity Checker Tools (ICT) te gebruiken op betreffende apparatuur, de interne integrity check tool zou echter mogelijk door malafide handelingen niet correct werken. Het NCSC adviseert om de meest recente versies van de Integrity Checker Tools (ICT) in te zetten om mogelijk misbruik te kunnen detecteren. Op dit moment is dat versie ICT-V22725 (build 3819). In de aanval zouden mogelijk meerdere persistence technieken zijn toegepast, een daarvan is het blokkeren van een legitieme patch en in plaats daarvan een schijn patch op het scherm weer te geven als het systeem gepatched wordt. Dit zou betekenen dat de update die zou zijn uitgevoerd niet correct is en mogelijk zou een kwaadwillende nog steeds toegang hebben tot het apparaat. Ook adviseert Ivanti om bij onderkenning van eerder misbruik betreffende apparatuur te factory resetten en de versie terug te zetten naar 22.7R2.5. Het is belangrijk dat bij tekenen van misbruik credentials en API tokens worden geroteerd, deze zouden mogelijk gestolen kunnen zijn.

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
22.7R2 ≤ 22.7R2.4; 22.7R1 ≤ 22.7R1.2; 22.7R2 ≤ 22.7R2.3
Fixed
22.7R2.5
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 8 Jan 2025 · Last source change 4 Aug 2026, 03:55 UTC · CWE-121 · Stack-based Buffer Overflow

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-1580
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-1580↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Public exploit reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-0282 · cve.blacktree.nl