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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2025-0110High confidence

PAN-OS OpenConfig Plugin: Command Injection Vulnerability in OpenConfig Plugin

Palo Alto Networks · PAN-OS OpenConfig Plugin

8.6HighCVSS 4.0
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
SSA-354569 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 6 · finalSiemens ProductCERTSSA-354569: Multiple Vulnerabilities in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS on RUGGEDCOM APE1808 Devices
1 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • RUGGEDCOM APE1808
Summary
A command injection vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS OpenConfig plugin enables an authenticated administrator with the ability to make gNMI requests to the PAN-OS management web interface to bypass system restrictions and run arbitrary commands. The commands are run as the “__openconfig” user (which has the Device Administrator role) on the firewall.
Remediation
Follow the remediation available in Palo Alto Networks' Security Advisory
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-1507

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

A command injection vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS OpenConfig plugin enables an authenticated administrator with the ability to make gNMI requests to the PAN-OS management web interface to bypass system restrictions and run arbitrary commands. The commands are run as the “__openconfig” user (which has the Device Administrator role) on the firewall. You can greatly reduce the risk of this issue by restricting access to the management web interface to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practices deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 .

What

A command injection vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS OpenConfig plugin enables an authenticated administrator with the ability to make gNMI requests to the PAN-OS management web interface to bypass system restrictions and run arbitrary commands. The commands are run as the “__openconfig” user (which has the Device Administrator role) on the firewall. You can greatly reduce the risk of this issue by restricting access to the management web interface to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practices deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 .

Why

Untrusted input is incorporated into an operating-system command without safe parameter handling.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A command injection vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS OpenConfig plugin enables an authenticated administrator with the ability to make gNMI requests to the PAN-OS management web interface to bypass system restrictions and run arbitrary commands. The commands are run as the “__openconfig” user (which has the Device Administrator role) on the firewall. You can greatly reduce the risk of this issue by restricting access to the management web interface to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practices deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 .

Why

Untrusted input is incorporated into an operating-system command without safe parameter handling.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
High: elevated access is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Not a CVSS 4.0 base metric
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-78 ↗

CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'). The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Amber

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 4.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.ATNoneAttack requirements: No additional deployment or execution condition is required.PRHighPrivileges required: The attacker needs elevated or administrative privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.VCHighVulnerable-system confidentiality: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VIHighVulnerable-system integrity: A successful attack can cause a major loss.VAHighVulnerable-system availability: A successful attack can cause a major loss.SCNoneSubsequent-system confidentiality: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SINoneSubsequent-system integrity: No direct loss is represented by this metric.SANoneSubsequent-system availability: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkCWE-78
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-0361PaloAlto Networks PAN-OS: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in PaloAlto Networks PAN-OS ausnutzen, um Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, vertrauliche Informationen preiszugeben, Daten zu manipulieren und beliebigen Code auszuführen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0128Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Palo Alto Networks

nformation Paris, le 13 février 2025 N° CERTFR-2025-AVI-0128 Affaire suivie par: CERT-FR Avis du CERT-FR Objet: Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Palo Alto Networks Gestion du document Référence CERTFR-2025-AVI-0128 Titre Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Palo Alto Networks Date de la première version 13 février 2025 Date de la dernière version 13 février 2025 Source(s) Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks CVE-2024-1135 du 12 février 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks CVE-2025-0108 du 12 février 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks CVE-2025-0109 du 12 février 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks CVE-2025-0110 du 12 février 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks CVE-2025-0111 du 12 février 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks CVE-2025-0112 du 12 février 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks CVE-2025-0113 du 12 février 2025 Bulletin de sécurité Palo Alto Networks PAN-SA-2025-0004 du 12 février 2025 Une gestion de version détaillée se trouve à la fin de ce document. Risques Atteinte à l'intégrité des données Atteinte à la confidentialité des données Contournement de la politique de sécurité Exécution de code arbitraire à distance Non spécifié par l'éditeur Systèmes affectés Cortex XDR Agent versions 8.3-CE antérieures à 8.3.101-

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0058Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS

De kwetsbaarheden omvatten een authenticatie-bypass die ongeauthenticeerde kwaadwillenden in staat stelt om specifieke PHP-scripts aan te roepen via de management webinterface, een ongeauthenticeerde bestandsverwijdering die kwaadwillenden in staat stelt om specifieke bestanden te verwijderen, en een command injection kwetsbaarheid die geauthenticeerde beheerders in staat stelt om willekeurige commando's uit te voeren als de 'openconfig' gebruiker. Deze kwetsbaarheden kunnen leiden tot gegevensverlies, systeeminstabiliteit en een significante bedreiging voor de integriteit van het systeem. Voor succesvol misbruik moet de kwaadwillende toegang hebben tot de management-interface. Het is goed gebruik een dergelijke interface niet publiek toegankelijk te hebben, maar af te steunen in een separate beheeromgeving. Er vind inmiddels actief misbruik plaats van CVE-2025-0108, die ongeauthenticeerde kwaadwillenden in staat stelt om specifieke PHP-scripts aan te roepen via de management webinterface. Update: er is publieke proof-of-concept code beschikbaar voor de kwetsbaarheid met kenmerk CVE-2025-0110.

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
RUGGEDCOM APE1808
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
Follow the remediation available in Palo Alto Networks' Security Advisory
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 12 Feb 2025 · Last source change 26 Feb 2026, 19:08 UTC · CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-1507
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-1507↗Vendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2025-0110 · cve.blacktree.nl